C.3.3- 5 Ions And Bonds And Structure Flashcards
How does the position of an element on the periodic table relate to the charge on its most stable monatomic ion
In summary, the position of an element tells you how many valence electrons it has, and this helps predict whether the element will gain or lose electrons to form an ion and what the charge on that ion will be.
How can i suggest the charge of an unknown element using the periodic table
Depends in what group their in, it will always need to add up to 8. If it is group 5, you will need 3 electrons more to get 8. Therefore it is a -3 charge
What is the charge of ions in group 1,2,6,7
+1
+2
-2
-1
How do unfamiliar elements become ions
By gaining or losing electrons on their outer shell
What is an ionic lattice
A repeating ionic structure of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions
What are the properties of ionic compounds
High m and boiling point
Only conduct as liquid
Strong intermolecular forces
What are the properties of covalent compounds
Low m and b points
Poor conductors for everything
What are the properties of metallic compounds
Lattice structure of Positive ions and delocalised electrons
Strong intermolecular force
High conductivity due to delocalised electrons
High m and b points
Why do ionic compounds have a high melting point
Ionic compounds have high melting points because the strong electrostatic forces between the oppositely charged ions in their lattice structure require a large amount of energy to break
why do ionic compounds cannot conduct electricity when they are solid but can when molten or in solution.
In solid form: Ionic compounds do not conduct electricity because the ions are fixed in place
When melted or dissolved in water: Ionic compounds conduct electricity, as the ions become free to move and can therefore move through the ionic lattice structure carrying electrical charges
How can ionic compounds (in general) conduct electricity
Ionic compounds ONLY conduct as a liquid
When ionic compounds dissolve in water, the ionic bonds between the cations (positive ions) and anions (negative ions) break.
The water molecules surround and separate the ions, allowing them to move freely in the solution, when an electric charge is applied ions can move through the structure carrying electric charges
Why di ionic bonds have strong intermolecukar forces
Because oppositely charged ions attract meaning their is a strong electrostatic force
