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Chemistry Mrs Mahar Revision > Atoms > Flashcards

Atoms Flashcards

1
Q

What is the smallest unit of matter?

A

Atom

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2
Q

True or False: Atoms can be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.

A

False

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3
Q

What are the three main subatomic particles found in an atom?

A

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The nucleus of an atom contains ______ and ______.

A

Protons and neutrons

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5
Q

What is the charge of an electron?

A

Negative

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6
Q

What determines the atomic number of an element?

A

The number of protons in the nucleus

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7
Q

Which particle has a mass approximately 1 atomic mass unit (amu)?

A

Proton

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8
Q

True or False: Neutrons have no charge.

A

True

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9
Q

What is the term for atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons?

A

Isotopes

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10
Q

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the first energy level of an atom?

A

2

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11
Q

Which type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?

A

Covalent bond

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12
Q

What type of bond is formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another?

A

Ionic bond

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13
Q

Fill in the blank: The periodic table is arranged by increasing ______.

A

Atomic number

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14
Q

What are groups in the periodic table?

A

Columns of elements with similar properties

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15
Q

What are periods in the periodic table?

A

Rows of elements indicating energy levels

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16
Q

True or False: Noble gases are highly reactive.

A

False

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17
Q

What is the main characteristic of metals on the periodic table?

A

They are good conductors of heat and electricity.

18
Q

Which scientist is credited with creating the first periodic table?

A

Dmitri Mendeleev

19
Q

What is the significance of the periodic law?

A

Elements show periodic properties when arranged by atomic number.

20
Q

What is an ion?

A

An atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of electrons.

21
Q

What is the primary factor that determines the chemical properties of an element?

A

The electron configuration

22
Q

Fill in the blank: The outermost electrons are known as ______ electrons.

A

Valence

23
Q

What happens to the atomic radius as you move down a group in the periodic table?

A

It increases.

24
Q

What happens to the electronegativity as you move from left to right across a period?

A

It increases.

25
Q

True or False: Alkali metals are located in Group 1 of the periodic table.

A

True

26
Q

What is a chemical bond?

A

A lasting attraction between atoms that enables the formation of chemical compounds.

27
Q

What is the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond?

A

Ionic bonds involve transfer of electrons, while covalent bonds involve sharing of electrons.

28
Q

What is a molecule?

A

A group of atoms bonded together.

29
Q

True or False: Nonmetals typically gain electrons during chemical reactions.

A

True

30
Q

What are transition metals?

A

Elements found in groups 3-12 of the periodic table, characterized by d-electrons.

31
Q

Fill in the blank: The most reactive group of nonmetals is the ______.

A

Halogens

32
Q

What is the Pauli exclusion principle?

A

No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.

33
Q

What does the term ‘valence shell’ refer to?

A

The outermost shell of an atom containing the valence electrons.

34
Q

What is the definition of an isotope?

A

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

35
Q

What is the role of a neutron in an atom?

A

To provide stability to the nucleus.

36
Q

What does the term ‘atomic mass’ refer to?

A

The weighted average mass of an atom of an element based on the abundance of its isotopes.

37
Q

Fill in the blank: The periodic table is divided into ______, ______, and ______.

A

Metals, nonmetals, and metalloids

38
Q

Size of an atomic nuckeus compared to an atom

A

1/10,000

39
Q

What do the number of shells mean in a atom

A

Which period

40
Q

Whats an element

A

Particle made of 1 type of atom

41
Q

Whats a compund

A

2 or more elements chemically bonded together IN FIX PROPORTIONA

42
Q

What are displacement reaction

A

When a more stronger reactive element displaces or pushes out a less stronger element from a compound that contians a less reactiv elememt

Chemistry Mrs Mahar Revision (2 decks)

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