C3.1 The Periodic Table Flashcards
How did Newlands order the periodic table?
in atomic mass and in the ‘law of octaves’
What was wrong with Newlands ordering?
Every 8th element did not have similar properties and he didn’t leave gaps for new elements
How did Mendeleev order the leements?
in atomic number and with periods of similar properties. he also left gaps for undiscovered elements
Name an anomaly to the periodic table
Argon
What effects does having a larger number of shells have?
larger atoms can lose and gain electrons more easily
Why are electrons lost/gained more easily in larger atoms?
the outer electrons are further from the positive nucleus so the forces of attraction are weaker and the electrons are more easily gained or lost
As you go down group 1…
the reactivity increases and the atoms are larger and the boiling and melting points decrease
As you go down group 7…
the reactivity decreases
Properties of Group 1 and 2 metals
react vigorously, soft, low density
Property of transition elements
not very reactive, good conductors, hard, strong, high density, high melting points, don’t react easily with oxygen or water, form more than one ion, used as catalysts
Properties of noble gases
very unreactive, difficult to combine with other elements
Property of non-metals
low melting and boiling points
Which metals in group 1 float on water?
lithium, sodium and potassium
alkali+water
=hydrogen +metal hydroxide
Properties of group 7
low melting and boiling points, poor conductors, react with metals
