C1.4 Crude Oil and Fuel

Question 1

What do we fractionally distillate crude oil?

Answer 1

crude oil is a mixture of substances

Question 2

Are the hydrocarbons in crude oil alkanes or alkenes?

Answer 2

alkanes

Question 3

What is the formula for the series of alkanes?

Answer 3

CnH2n+2

Question 4

Are alkanes saturated?

Answer 4

yes

Question 5

Are hydrocarbons flammable?

Answer 5

yes

Question 6

Properties of a long chain of a hydrocarbon

Answer 6

high boiling point, low volatility, high viscosity, low flammability

Question 7

Properties of a short chain of a hydrocarbon

Answer 7

low boiling point, high volatility, low viscocity and high flammability

Question 8

hydrocarbon+oxygen=

Answer 8

water+carbon dioxide

Question 9

what is global dimming?

Answer 9

soot and unburnt hydrocarbons travel to the upper atmosphere reflecting sunlight back into space

Question 10

How is carbon monoxide formed?

Answer 10

not enough oxygen for complete combustion of a fuel.

then the carbon oxidises to form carbon monoxide

Question 11

What is the health problem with carbon monoxide?

Answer 11

it affects the amount of oxygen that our blood can carry

Question 12

what is a catalytic converter?

Answer 12

they are put in car exhausts to reduce carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides produced by a car engine

Question 13

carbon monoxide +nitrogen oxides

Answer 13

carbon dioxide +nitrogen (in a catalytic converter)

Question 14

What are biofuels made out of?

Answer 14

plant and animals products

Question 15

What is biodiesel made out of?

Answer 15

oils from plants

Question 16

Advantages of biodiesel

Answer 16

less harmful to animals, burns cleanly, cheap, carbon neutral, produce other useful products

Question 17

Disadvantages of biodiesel

Answer 17

use land for crops - famine, destruction of animal habitats, doesn’t do well in cold or hot temps

Question 18

What is another biofuel?

Answer 18

ethanol