C3: . Most important meat production traits of pig (SEUROP qualification system, meat/fat properties), importance of pork production in human nutrition

Question 1

how are pigs graded according to the SEUROP qualification system?

Answer 1

● Pigs are graded according to estimated lean meat percentage.

● The thickness of back fat and muscle depth are measured and used to estimate the lean meat percentage.

● The carcass quality is influenced by breed & diet mainly.

Question 2

What is the lean meat % of carcass weight grading system?

Answer 2

• S(superior): > 60% lean meat in the carcass.
• E(excellent): > 55%
• U (very good): > 50%
• R (good): > 45%
• O(moderate): > 40%
• P(poor): > 35%

Question 3

what are the SEUROP carcass ratings by group?

Answer 3

• S — superior
  ◦ Profiles convex, exceptional muscle development, double muscling
• E-excellent
  ◦ Super convex, exceptional muscle development
• U — very good
  ◦ Profiles the whole convex very good muscle development
• R — good
  ◦ Profile straight: good muscle development
• O — average
  ◦ Straight to concave: average muscle development
• P — poor
  ◦ Concave to very concave: poor muscle development

Question 4

where is the fat distribution in the body of a pig?

Answer 4

Subcutaneous fat - bacon
Organ/abdominal fat - deposited between intestinal mucous membranes
Intermuscular fat - deposited among the muscles
Intramuscular fat - deposited within muscles
Intracellular fat - within cell

Question 5

what is the importance of pig in human nutrition?

Answer 5

~ 38% of the daily meat intake in the world
* Increased urbanization in china lead to increases in pork consumption

Question 6

what is bacon?

Answer 6

Bacon — any cut(s) of meat taken from the sides, belly or back of a pig that may be cured or smoked

Question 7

what is ham?

Answer 7

• Ham — thigh & rump of pork (haunch)

Question 8

what is lard?

Answer 8

Lard — pig fat (rendered & un-rendered forms) commonly used in soap manufacturing

Question 9

what are the uses of pigs?

Answer 9

• Food, Leather, Brushes
• Medicine:
  -> Biomedical research –> Dwarf pig breeds are commonly used as models.
  -> Transplants – full genome of pig has been matched; Organs are of similar size to those in humans.
  -> Insulin production (in the past).
• Foraging (truffle hunting) excellent sense of smell

Question 10

where is the consumption of pork forbidden?

Answer 10

Judaism (Kosher/Kashrut) & Islam consumption of pork is forbidden (haram) (“unclean” animal)