C14: The color of pig breeds (Pietrain, Duroc, Hampshire)

Question 1

Are colour breeds maternal or paternal and why?

Answer 1

paternal
exceptional growth rates, muscling and lean meat production

Question 2

give examples of colour breeds

Answer 2

pietrain
duroc
hampshire
tamworth
Poland China
Berkshire

Question 3

Pietrain:
country of origin,
colour,
size,
boar height and weight,
sow height and weight,
characteristics.

Answer 3

belgium

White with dark spots

Boars: 80-85cm @ withers, 300-330kg,
Sows: 75-80cm @ withers, 250-280kg

medium - large size

short upright ears
high yield of lean meat
suited as paternal line for X and hybrid.
hyper-muscled: 4 ham pig.
excellent FCR

lowered fertility
halothan gene –> stress sensitive

Question 4

Duroc:
country of origin,
colour,
size,
boar height and weight,
sow height and weight,
characteristics.

Answer 4

USA

red solid colour

large frame and size

boar: 90 - 95 cm at withers, 320 - 350kg
Sow: 85 - 90cm at withers, 250 - 280kg

partially drooping ears,
thick winter fur, almost hairless in summer

paternal breed: no. 2 in USA
Excellent FCR
stress resistant
excellent meat quality.
great marbling!

most aggressive swine breed.

Question 5

Hampshire:
country of origin,
colour,
size,
boar height and weight,
sow height and weight,
characteristics.

Answer 5

UK

black body with white belt around middle with white shoulders and FLs.

large frame and size

boar: 90 - 95cm at withers, 300 - 330kg
sow: 85 - 90cm at withers, 250 - 280kg

erect ears and long head

robust and rapid growth (faster than English large white).
good FCR
paternal type and production of good F1 boars
good meat quality with high dressing %

moderate fertility
HAMPSHIRE FACTOR : protein kinase mutation: strong decrease in muscle pH (below 5.4) 24 hours after slaughtering = RSE meat.

Question 6

Tamworth:
colour,
size,
boar height and weight,
sow height and weight,
characteristics.

Answer 6

Color ranges from pale ginger to dark mahogany red.

Medium sized

◦ Boar: 250-370 kg
◦ Sow: 200-300 kg
◦ 1.0-1.4 m long
◦ 50-65 cm high @ withers

Among oldest pig breeds
* Long narrow body, elongated head
* Erect, pointed ears

Fairly muscular hams
Excellent choice for crossbreeding
Litter sizes are generally smaller than commercial breeds
Bacon pig → produces high body without much fat
Hardy