C11: Pig types and main aspects of conformation judging

Question 1

what are the 3 main pig type utilisaitions?

Answer 1

lard type
bacon and meal types
dual-purpose

Question 2

what are lard types?
give examples

Answer 2

Have compact bodies
Large hams
Heavier fat layer

examples:
◦ Poland China
◦ Cheshire
◦ Essex
◦ Mulefoot

Question 3

what are bacon and meat types?
give examples

Answer 3

‣ Long bodies and legs
‣ Trim profile & High energy
‣ Less external fat

examples:
◦ Landrace
◦ Yorkshire
◦ Tamworth

Question 4

examples of dual purpose breeds (lard and bacon/meat type)

Answer 4

Berkshire
Hampshire
Large black
Saddlebacks

Question 5

what are universal breeds mainly used in meat production?

Answer 5

Large white pig breeds (Yorkshire) & Landraces (local breeds of Large White origin) → Universal breeds used mainly in meat production.

Question 6

What is judged for conformation?

Answer 6

Forelegs: front view, side view
-> buckled + sickled is bad

Hind legs: rear view, side view
-> steep + standing + O-shaped + X-shaped = bad

Back and loin
Hams
Pasterns
Claws: size, horn tissue integrity, dorsal wall integrity –> toe size should be equal, should be pointing forward.
Underlines
Shoulders
Stature
Gait pattern
Locomotion
Number of functional teats

condition scoring

Question 7

Pig Types differ by:

Answer 7

1. Pace of growth (hereditary and environmental factors):
   * Quick growth  intensive pork production
   * Slow growth  lard accumulation
2. The onset of lard accumulation:
   * Early maturity = lard accum. starts at an earlier age
   * Late maturity = lard accum. starts relatively later
3. Type of utilization:
   * Lard type
   * Meat type
   * Bacon type
4. Industrial use
5. Market aspec