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Chemistry > C3 > Flashcards

C3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Change of state

A

A physical change from one state of matter to another

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2
Q

Solid

A 
The state of matter in which a substance has a fixed shape and cannot flow 
or be compressed. The particles are close together in a regular arrangement. 
Shown as (s) in chemical equations
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3
Q

Liquid

A

The state of matter in which a substance can flow and take the shape of a
container. It has a fixed volume and cannot be compressed. The particles can
move around each other. Shown as (l) in chemical equations

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4
Q

Liquefy

A

To make or become liquid

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5
Q

Miscible

A

Liquids that dissolve in each other

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6
Q

Molten

A

A substance that is made liquid by heating

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7
Q

Gas

A

The state of matter in which a substance can flow and completely fill a
container. It has no fixed shape or volume and can be compressed. The
particles are far apart and move quickly in all directions. Shown as (g) in
chemical equations

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8
Q

Partial theory

A

all matter consists of many, very small particles which are constantly moving
or in a continual state of motion.

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9
Q

Bond

A

An attraction between atoms, ions or molecules that enables the formation of
chemical compounds. Such attractions could be ionic, covalent or metallic

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10
Q

Covalent Bond

A

The attraction between two or more non-metal atoms that share one or more
pairs of electrons

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11
Q

Double bond

A

A type of bond where two pairs of electrons are shared between atoms

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12
Q

Molecule

A

A substance made of more than one atom held together by covalent bonds

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13
Q

Intermolecular forces

A

The attraction between individual molecules in a covalently bonded
substance

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14
Q

Ion

A

A charged particle formed when an atom or molecule loses or gains one or
more electrons

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15
Q

Ions and group

numbers

A

Group 1 form +1 ions, Group 2 form +2, Group 3 forms +3, Group 4 forms +4,
Group 5 forms -3, Group 6 form -2, Group 7 form -1, Group 0 don’t form ions

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16
Q

Halide ion

A

An ion with a charge of -1, formed when a halogen gains an electron

17
Q

Ionic Bond

A

The electrostatic force of attraction between positively and negatively
charged ions

18
Q

Ionisation

A

The process by which atoms or molecules become charged due to the loss or
gain of one or more electrons

19
Q

Metallic Bond

A

The attraction between a metal ion and delocalised electrons

20
Q

Pure Metal

A

The attraction between a metal ion and delocalised electrons

21
Q

Alloys

A

A mixture of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal

22
Q

Dot and cross diagram

A

A diagram showing the arrangement of the outer shell electrons of the atoms
or ions in a substance

23
Q

Giant incovalent

structure

A

A huge 3D structure made up of many atoms held together by covalent bonds

24
Q

Giant ionic lattice

A

A huge 3D structure in which there are strong electrostatic forces of
attraction in all directions between oppositely charged ions

25
Q

Giant covalent

structures

A

A giant covalent structure in which each carbon atom forms covalent bonds
with four other carbon atoms

26
Q

Diamond

A

A giant covalent structure in which each carbon atom forms covalent bonds
with four other carbon atoms

27
Q

Graphite

A

A giant covalent structure in which each carbon atom forms covalent bonds
with three other carbon atoms, forming layers of hexagonal rings with no
covalent bonds between the layers. One electron from each carbon atom is
delocalised

28
Q

Graphene

A

A single layer of graphite

29
Q

Giant metallic

structures

A

Held together by strong metallic bonds. Metals often have high melting points
as these strong metallic bonds require large amounts of heat energy to
overcome

30
Q

Delocalised electrons

A

A bonding electron that is no longer associated with any particular atom and
therefore free to move through the structure

31
Q

Fullerenes

A

A molecule of carbon atoms with a hollow shape. It has a cage-like structure
based on hexagonal rings of carbon atoms

32
Q

Carbon nanotube

A

A cylindrical fullerene with a very high length to diameter ratio

33
Q

Nano science

A

study of structures and materials on an ultra-small scale

Chemistry (6 decks)

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