C2E - How Can We Make Fertiliser

Question 0

What is the equation for the Haber Process ?

Answer 0

Nitrogen + Hydrogen = Ammonia

Question 1

what kind of reaction is the Haber Process ?

Answer 1

Reversible

Question 2

Where is the nitrogen obtained from ?

Answer 2

The air

Question 3

Where is the hydrogen obtained from ?

Answer 3

The cracking of oil fractions or natural gas

Question 4

The reaction us reversible so what does that mean ?

Answer 4

Not all of the hydrogen and nitrogen will convert to ammonia

Question 5

What happens to the nitrogen and hydrogen which don’t react ?

Answer 5

They are recycled and passed through again

Question 6

What are the industrial conditions needed for the Haber process ?

Answer 6

High Pressure (200 atmospheres)
Temperature (450c)
Catalyst (Iron)

Question 7

Why must there be a compromise with the Haber process ?

Answer 7

Because it’s reversible

Question 8

What condition favours the forward reaction ?

Answer 8

High pressures

Question 9

What will high pressures do ?

Answer 9

Increase the percentage yield of ammonia

Question 10

What do high temperatures favour ?

Answer 10

The reverse reaction

Question 11

What will decrease the percentage yield of ammonia ?

Answer 11

High temperatures

Question 12

Why do manufactures not use low temperatures then ?

Answer 12

It will mean slow reaction rates

Question 13

What is 450c and why ?

Answer 13

The optimum temperature because it gives a fast reaction rate and a reasonable percentage yield

Question 14

What does the iron catalyst do ?

Answer 14

Makes the reaction go faster which will get it to equilibrium proportions more quickly

Question 15

Does the catalyst actually effect the position of equilibrium ?

Answer 15

No

Question 16

What would happen if a catalyst wasn’t present ?

Answer 16

You’d have to raise the temperature more which will decrease the percentage yield

Question 17

Production cost depends on 5 factors. What are they ?

Answer 17

Price of energy 
Cost of raw materials 
Labour costs 
Plant costs 
Rate of production

Question 18

The higher the temperature the higher the ?

Answer 18

Cost

Question 19

How would a company reduce the cost of raw materials ?

Answer 19

Recycling any un reacted materials

Question 20

What is one way of reducing labour costs ?

Answer 20

Using automation instead of people

Question 21

Explain the plant costs ?

Answer 21

Equipment that needs to withstand higher pressure will cost more than equipment that needs to withstand atmospheric pressure

Question 22

How can cost be kept down on rate of production?

Answer 22

Using a catalyst

Question 23

Optimum conditions are what ?

Answer 23

Those that give the lowest production cost