C2.6 - Acids, Bases and Salts Flashcards
How are soluble salts made from insoluble bases?
The base is added to the acid until no more will react and the excess solid is filtered off.
How can soluble salts be made form alkalis?
An indicator can be used to how when the acid and alkali have completely reacted to produce a salt solution.
Can soluble salts be made from metals and acids?
Yes, although not all metals are suitable, some are too reactive and others are not reactive enough.
How can solid salts be obtained form salt solutions?
By crystallising them.
How can precipitates be made form ion solutions?
By mixing appropriate solutions of ions so that the precipitate is formed.
Metal oxides and hydroxides are…
bases.
Soluble hydroxides are…
alkalis.
What does the salt produced in a reaction between an acid and a base depend on?
- The acid used (hydrochloric produces chlorides, nitric produces nitrates)
- The metal in the base or alkali
How are ammonium salts produced?
- Ammonia dissolves in water to produce an alkaline solution
- This solution is used to produce ammonium salts
- Ammonium salts are important as fertilisers.
Which ions make solutions acidic?
H+ (aq) Hydrogen ions.
Which ions make solutions alkaline?
Oh- (aq) Hydroxide ions
What is used as a measure of acidity or alkalinity?
The pH scale.
What happens during neutralisation reactions?
Hydrogen ions react with hydroxide ions to produce water.
What equation represents neutralisation?
H+(aq) + OH-(aq) ———-> H2O(l)
