C2.2.3 Forming Ions

Question 1

What are ions?

Answer 1

An electrically charged particle formed when an atom or group of atoms loses or gains electrons

Question 2

Metal electrons..

Answer 2

Lose electrons to form positive ions

Question 3

Non metals…

Answer 3

Gain electrons to form negative ions

Question 4

Explain how Al^+3 and N^3- ions form

Answer 4

The aluminium atom loses three electrons to form a positive (metal) ion (cation) whilst the nitrogen atom gains three electrons to form a negative (non-metal) ion (anion)

Question 5

Write down the electronic structures of the Mg2+ and 02- ions

Answer 5

Mg2+ = 2.8
O2- = 2.8

Question 6

What do electron diagrams represent?

Answer 6

The electronic structure of an atom or ion

Question 7

How is a shell drawn

Answer 7

As a circle

Question 8

How do you represent electrons in these diagrams?

Answer 8

Dots or crosses

Question 9

State the charges of every group: (ionic)

Answer 9

1= +1
2= +2
3= +3
4= do covalent - should be +4/-4 but requires a lot of energy to gain or lose four electrons
5= -3
6= -2
7= -1
8= already stable - noble gases