C2.2 The Role Of The Cell Membrane In Transport Flashcards
What is the SECOND law in the particle model of matter?
The particle of matter are constantly moving or vibrating; particles move least in solids and most in gases. Adding or taking away energy will affect the movement of particles.
What is the first law in the particle model of matter?
All matter is made of particles but the particle in different substances may be different in size and composition.
What is the THIRD law of particle model of matter?
The particles of matter are attracted to one another or are bonded together
What is the FOURTH law in the particle model of matter?
Particles have spaces between them that are smallest in solids, (expect for ice), and greatest in gases. The spaces may be occupied by the particles of other substances.
What is the diffusion?
The nature flow of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration.
When does diffusion occur?
Diffusion occurs with cells some of the matter that flow into and out of cells.
Rate of diffusion
We can increase the rate at which particles move by adding energy Ex: stirring or heating
What is homeostasis?
The cell attempts to maintain a valence of dilutes inside and outside of the cell
Use of Concentration gradient?
- Is solute difference on either side of the barrier
- The concentration gradient will determine which way that matter will flow across the barrier
What is passive transport?
The movement of matter will occur naturally, no extra energy is needed
What is selector permeable?
The cell membrane is selectively permeable, only certain materials are able to flow into or out of the cell.
What is Semi- permeable membranes?
Artificial membranes allow certain items to pass through the membrane based on the size of the molecules.
What is osmosis?
Osmosis is the diffusion of water, which water is able to move freely into and out of the cell. The cell is able to adjust to it’s surroundings by transporting water into and out of the cell.
What is hypertonic?
The concentration of solutes in solution are higher than in cell. Water will flow out of the cell to create homeostasis.
Hypotonic
The concentration of solutes in solution are less than in the cell. Water will flow into the cell to create homeostasis.
Turgor
Turgor is pressure created inside the cell because of water inside a plant cell.
Isotonic
The concentration of the solutes inside and outside of the cell are equal. There will be little movement of water into and outside of the cell.
First rule for facilitated diffusion
Only substances that are soluble in lipids are able to pass through the lipid bilateral through diffusion
Second rule for facilitated diffusion
Channel proteins create pores or channels through which materials can be transported across the membrane
Third rule for facilitated diffusion
Carrier proteins attach to a larger molecule
Fourth rule for facilitated diffusion
The larger the molecule can now be transported across the membrane, the carrier protein changes shape an physically moves the molecule across
First rule active transport
Energy is required to transport a molecule against concentration gradient
Second rule active transport
Active transport is required to transport nutrients into the cell and wasted out of the cell
Third rule for active transport
Carrier proteins work (similar to a pump) against the gradient
Fourth rule for active transport
The energy for active transport comes from cellular respiration and ATP
First rule of endocytosis
Particles are brought into the cell by the cell creating a food and then the membrane pinches off the around it
Second rule for endocytosis
Single celled organisms use endocytosis to squire good particles through endocytosis
