C2.1 Reactivity of Metals Flashcards
When potassium is heated in air, what colour does it burn and what colour is the solid produced?
Lilac Flame
White Solid
When sodium is heated in air, what colour does it burn and what colour is the solid produced?
Yellow / Orange Flame
White Solid
When Calcium is heated in air, what colour does it burn and what colour is the solid produced?
Brick red flame
White solid
When magnesium is heated in air, what colour does it burn and what colour is the solid produced?
White flame
White solid
When aluminium is heated in air, what colour does it burn and what colour is the solid produced?
White solid
When zinc is heated in air, what colour does it burn and what colour is the solid produced?
Yellow solid that when cools turns white
When iron is heated in air, what colour does it burn and what colour is the solid produced?
Burns with orange sparks in form of filings
Black Solid
When copper is heated in air, what colour does it burn and what colour is the solid produced?
Doesn’t burn
Black solid
What happens when potassium and sodium are freshly cut?
When freshly cut the shiny surface tarnishes quickly
When Calcium to Copper (Reactivity Series) react with air under standard conditions, describe what happens.
Reacts slowly
Forms an oxide layer on surface
When potassium reacts with water describe the observations
Floats on the surface
Moves around on the surface
Burns with lilac foam
Gives off gas
Releases heat
Forms colourless solution
When calcium reacts with water, describe the observations
Gives off gas
Sinks and then rises
Releases heat
Forms milky solution
When sodium reacts with water, describe the observation.
Floats on surface
Moves around on the surface
Melts and forms silvery ball
Gives off gas
Forms colourless solution
Eventually disappears
When magnesium reacts with water, describe the observation
Slow reaction
Few gas bubbles gave off
Why is potassium and sodium both stored under oil?
To prevent reaction with oxygen and moisture in air
When magnesium reacts with steam, what happens?
Ribbon burns with a bright white light
Forms white solid
Heat released
When aluminium reacts with steam, what happens?
No reaction in foil form - unless protective layer of Aluminium Oxide is removed
Powdered form -
Forms into a white solid
Heat is released
When Zinc reacts with steam what happens?
Powdered form flows to form a yellow solid , turns white on cooling
Heat is released
When iron reacts with steam, what happens?
Glows at red heat
Forms black solid
What does aluminium metal form at its surface?
Protective Oxide layer
What are the two main types of displacement reaction?
A solid metal reacting with a solution of a metal ion
A solid metal reacting with a solid metal oxide
What are the 3 main observations to look out for in a solution?
Colour Change
Release of heat
Solid’s appearance
What metals are found uncombined in Nature?
Lowest reactivity metals
What type of metals are extracted by electrolysis?
High reactivity metals
How are low reactivity metals extracted?
Reduction with carbon or carbon monoxide
How must metals such as aluminium and higher on the reactivity series be extracted?
Electrolysis
