C2 (Treatment Of Addiction And Stress): Biofeedback

Question 1

What is Biofeedback?

Answer 1

Definition: A technique to control automatic bodily processes using physiological feedback.
Goal: Helps reduce stress by controlling processes like heart rate, blood pressure, and muscle tension.
Key Concept: “Tricking the brain” by engaging the Parasympathetic Nervous System to reverse the stress response.

Question 2

How Does Biofeedback Work? (3 Phases)

Answer 2

1️⃣ Phase 1: A client is connected to a machine that converts bodily signals (e.g., heart rate, muscle tension) into visuals or sounds.
A trained therapist explains what the client sees/hears and how to interpret it.

2️⃣ Phase 2: The client learns to reduce their stress response by controlling their breathing or heart rate.
Machines give feedback (like a reward system) when they succeed – this is operant conditioning.
Example: Lowering heart rate brings the client closer to finishing a puzzle online, encouraging progress.

3️⃣ Phase 3: Clients practice in a stress-free therapy setting.
Portable devices or mobile apps help them apply these skills in real-life stressful situations.

Question 3

Strength of Biofeedback

Answer 3

Empirical Evidence – Proven to work through studies.
Explain:
- Medical doctors used biofeedback 3 times a day for 28 days.
- They reported lower stress levels compared to those who didn’t use biofeedback.
- The change was significant and measurable.
Link: Shows biofeedback improves stress management.

Question 4

Weakness of Biofeedback

Answer 4

Practical Limitations – Issues in applying it.
Explain:
- Requires commitment and motivation from patients.
- Training happens mostly in lab settings, which might not help in real-life situations.
- Expensive devices can make it less accessible.
Link: Not suitable for everyone – other treatments may be needed.