C2 Topic 2 - Ionic Compounds And Analysis

Question 1

State some of the properties of a giant ionic lattice.

Answer 1

High melting and boiling points

Conduct electricity when molten or in an aqueous state

Question 2

When do you name a compound with -ide and -ate?

Answer 2

If the negative ion in the compound contains only one element, the name ends with -ide. If it has an element and oxygen, it ends with -ate.

Question 3

What colour do the following elements produce in the flame test:
Sodium
Potassium
Calcium
Copper

Answer 3

1. Yellow/orange
2. Lilac
3. Brick-red
4. Blue-green

Question 4

How do you test for carbonate ions?

Answer 4

Mix the unknown compound with a dilute acid, such as hydrochloric acid, and then pass the bubbles through limewater. If a white precipitate is formed then the compound contains carbonate ions.

Question 5

How do you test for sulphate ions?

Answer 5

Add dilute hydrochloric acid to the compound, followed by barium chloride. If a white precipitate is formed, the compound contains sulphate ions.

Question 6

How do you test for chloride ions?

Answer 6

Add dilute nitric acid, followed by silver nitrate. If the solution becomes white, the compound contains chloride ions.

Question 7

What is ionic bonding?

Answer 7

In ionic bonding, at least one metal and non-metal transfer electrons to each other, causing them to become oppositely charged ions which are attracted to each other. This happens because atoms prefer to have their outer shells full, so they will try to either get rid of some electrons or gain enough so that their outer shells have 8 (or 2) electrons.