C2 Topic 1 - Atomic Structure And The Periodic Table

Question 1

What are the relative masses and charges of subatomic particles?

Answer 1

Mass Charge
Proton - 1 1
Neutron - 1 0
Electron - 1/2000 -1

Question 2

What are the three subatomic particles in an atom? Where are they in an atom?

Answer 2

Proton - nucleus
Neutron - nucleus
Electron - orbiting around the nucleus

Question 3

What does the following tell you about an element on the periodic table:

1. Mass number
2. Atomic number
3. Group
4. Period

Answer 3

1. The mass number is equal to the neutrons and protons in the element
2. The atomic number is equal to only the number of protons in the element
3. The group number shows the number of electrons in the element’s outer-most shell
4. The period number is equal to the number of electron shells in the atom

Question 4

Define isotope.

Answer 4

An isotope is an atom with more or less neutrons than the number shown on the periodic table.

Question 5

How do you work out the average isotope mass of an element?

Answer 5

((Mass of each isotope x relative abundance) + … ) / sum of relative abundances = relative atomic mass