C2: The Periodic Table Flashcards
What does the group of an element tell us?
How many electrons are in its outer shell
What does the period of an element tell us?
How many shells (energy levels) it has
Why are noble gases un-reactive?
Because they do not need to gain or lose electrons as they have a FULL OUTER SHELL
As you go down group 1, what is the trend in reactivity and why?
As you go down group 1, the elements become more reactive. This is because group 1 elements are trying to loose 1 electron to become noble. Therefore the more shells the element has, the larger the atomic radii (the distance between the nucleus and the outer shell). If the atomic radii is larger, then the bond between the nucleus and the outer shell is weaker and the shell shielding effect is stronger. This then makes it easier for the element to loose the outer shell electron, making it MORE REACTIVE.
What happens to the trend of reactivity as you go down group 7 and why?
As you go down group 7, the elements become less reactive. This is because group 7 elements are trying to gain 1 electron to become noble. Therefore the more shells the element has, the larger the atomic radii (the distance between the nucleus and the outer shell). If the atomic radii is larger, then the bond between the nucleus and the outer shell is weaker and the shell shielding effect is also stronger. This then makes it harder for the element to gain an electron in the outer shell, making it LESS REACTIVE.
What happens to reactivity as you go down group 2?
Elements become more reactive
What happens to reactivity as you go down group 6?
Elements become less reactive
Why do group 7 elements gain a -1 charge when reacting with a metal?
When group 7 elements react, they gain 1 electron to gain noble electron configuration. This therefore makes their charge go from 0 to -1.
What is an element?
A pure substance made of one type of atom that cannot be split into anything simpler
What is a compound?
A pure substance made from two or more different elements that are chemically bonded
What is a mixture?
An impure substance that consists of two or more elements or compounds not chemically bonded together
