C2 - Structure And Properties Flashcards
What are giant covalent (metallic) structures?
They are huge covalent compounds
Explain these 5 properties of giant covalent compounds
- Strength
- Bonds between atoms
- Melting and Boiling points
- Conductivity
- insolubility
- They are very strong
- The atoms are bonded together by strong covalent bonds
- Have high melting and boiling points
- They do not conduct electricity except for graphite
- They are insoluble
Name the 3 main examples of giant covalent structures
Diamonds, Graphite and Silicon Dioxide
Why is Diamond extremely strong?
Because each carbon atom inside forms 4 covalent bonds in a rigid structure
Why is graphite able to be used in pencils?
Because the layers are able to slide of each other, these layers are so loosely together so they can rub onto paper
What are alloys?
Alloys are mixed metals together to give different properties than pure metals
In alloys they have a number of different properties, for each explain why they have these properties
- High melting/boiling point
- Strong
- Can conduct electricity
- Are ductile/malleable
- They have strong/electrostatic bonds
- They have different sized atoms which makes it more rigid/strong
- Have delocalised/free electrons
- Because has layers of atoms that can slide over each other
Why are most pure metals soft and brittle?
Because they have similar sized atoms
Name two types of polymers
Thermo-softening polymers
Thermo-setting polymers
Give two properties of thermo-softening polymers
- Weak intermolecular forces
2. Are free to slide over each other
Give two properties of thermo-setting polymers
- Strong intermolecular forces
2. Solid structure so are hard and strong
What are nanoparticles?
They are extremely small particles which have a high surface area to volume ratio so can be used as catalysts
