C1 - Structure and Bonding Flashcards
What 3 things make up an atom?
- Protons
- Neutrons
- Electrons
What does the mass number represent in an atom?
Total number of protons and neutrons
How do you work out the number of neutrons in an atom?
Takeaway the bottom number from the top number
Mass number - atomic number
What does the atomic number represent in an atom?
The total number of protons which is equal to the number of electrons
What are chemical compounds?
They are formed when two or more elements chemically combine together
What do the group numbers represent in the PT?
It represents the number of electrons that there are in the outer shell of an element
Why do atoms want to have a full outer shell?
Because they want to become stable
What occurs during ionic bonding?
It is when a metal and a non-metal react together to form ions
Why are elements in group 1 highly reactive?
Because they have 1 electron on the outer shell, therefore they want to loose that 1 electron making them very reactive
During ionic bonding when an atom looses its electron or electrons what charge will it have?
It will have a positive charge
During ionic bonding when an atom gains an electron or electrons what charge will it have?
It will have a negative charge
Why do ionic bonds have very strong forces of attraction?
Because there are oppositely charged ions within the structure
What are giant ionic lattices?
They are simply ionic compounds which
Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?
Because there are strong attractions between the ions
Why can ionic compounds carry electricity when melted or in a solution?
Because the ions are free to move around
