C2-Periodic table Flashcards
A row on the periodic table is called?
Period
A column on the periodic table is called?
Group
What development on the periodic table did dalton make?
He assigned atomic weights to the atoms of the 20 elements he knew of at the time.
What development on the periodic table did Newlands make
Was the first to arrange the elements into a periodic table with increasing order of relative atomic mass
What development on the periodic table did Mendeleev make?
He created a framework that became the modern period table, leaving gaps for unknown elements and ordering them by atomic weights.
Describe the reactivity trend of group 1 metals and water
It increases as you go down the group as there is less pull on that single electron so is lost easily.
When will a group 7 element displace another element from group 7
The higher up the group the more reactive.
Chlorine + sodium iodide-)
Sodium chloride + iodine
Using electronic structure, how can you tell which period an element is in?
By seeing how many shells it has.
Using electronic structure, how can you tell which group an element is in?
By seeing how many electrons they have in the outer most shell.
How do you work out atomic number?
Number of protons.
How do you work out atomic mass
Number of protons plus neutrons.
Define element
An element can not be broken down into any other substance smaller than it.
Give an example of a transition metal
Describe the reactivity of group 0 elements using electronic structure
As they have a full outer shell they find it really hard to loose or gain electrons therefore not very reactive.
Group one is also called
Alkali metals
Group 2 is also called
Alkali earth metals
Group 7 is also called
Halogens
Group 0 is also called
Noble gasses
Describe the reactivity of group 7 elements
As you go down the group it decreases in reactivity .
Describe how lithium will react with water
Effervescence, movement, turns water alkaline.
Describe how sodium will react with water
More effervescence , ball of molten metal, more movement and more alkaline
Describe how potassium will react with water
Combusts with a lilac flame, very violent movement, lots of gas’s given off.
How is the periodic table ordered?
By atomic number
How were the early lists of elements ordered?
Atomic mass
Why did mendeleev swap the order of some of the elements?
To group them by there chemical properties
Why did mendeeev leave gaps in his periodic table?
To leave room for elements that had not yet been discovered.
Why do elements in a group have similar chemical properties?
As they have the same number of electrons in there outer shell.
Where are metals and non metals located on the periodic table?
Metals to the left and non metals to the right
Why are alkali metals named this?
As they form an alkali solution when reacted with water.
Metal + oxygen =?
Metal oxide
Metal + chlorine=?
Metal chloride
Metal + water=?
Metal hydroxide + hydrogen
Why does the reactivity of alkali metals increase down the group
As the valence electron is further from the nucleus there is less pull on it. Meaning it is easier for it to leave and react with something else
Give the formula for the first 4 halogens
F2, Cl2, Br2, I2
How does the melting point of halogens change down the group?
It increases
How does the reactivity of halogens change down the group?
It decreases
Why does the reactivity of halogens decrease down the group?
As the lower down elements are larger atoms there is more shielding from other electrons meaning there is less force pulling electrons in, making it harder to gain electrons.
What Is a displacement reaction?
When a more reactive element takes the place of a less reactive one in a compound.
Why are the noble gases inert?
As they have a full outer shell
How do the melting points of the noble gases change down the periodic table?
It increases
What is oxidation ?
When an atom looses an electron.
What is reduction?
When an atom gains an electron.
What is a diatomic molecule?
When an element is made up of 2 atoms
What ions do metals and non-metals form?
Metals - positive ions
Non-metals either negative or no ions.
