C2. P1

Question 1

Define neuroscience

Answer 1

Neuroscience refers to a multi-discipline field which deals with understanding the structures of the brain and the functional role of these structures in mental activity

Question 2

Which region of the brain is at the bottom?

Answer 2

Hindbrain

Question 3

What 2 structures are in the hindbrain?

Answer 3

Brainstem and cerebellum

Question 4

Where’s the oldest part of the brain?

Answer 4

Hindbrain

Question 5

What does the hindbrain generally do?

Answer 5

Regulate survival functions, movement, and sensation (implicit)

Question 6

What is wrapped around the brainstem and hindbrain?

Answer 6

Subcortical and limbic structures

Question 7

What is the cerebrum wrapped around?

Answer 7

Subcortical structures

Question 8

What is the order of brain development?

Answer 8

Hindbrain, subcortical structures, cerebrum, cerebral cortex

Question 9

What are ventricles?

Answer 9

Cavities within the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid.

Question 10

How many ventricles do we have?

Answer 10

Four

Question 11

Where is the cerebrospinal fluid? (minus ventricles)

Answer 11

Surrounds the brain and spinal cord

Question 12

How does cerebrospinal fluid travel?

Answer 12

It flows through ventricles and the spinal cord, which is then absorbed by brain vessel and the spinal cord

Question 13

A boy is playing football and gets tackled. The doctors say he is fine and does not have a concussion. How could that be if he experienced force to his head?

Answer 13

The cerebrospinal fluid acts as an impact absorber, cushioning the brain

Question 14

How are brains able to stay healthy and waste-free?

Answer 14

Cerebrospinal fluid washes away the fluid (usually during sleep), transferring it the the blood and then filtered through kidneys

Question 15

How do hormones get to the brain?

Answer 15

They are secreted into cerebrospinal fluid which takes it to the brain

Question 16

A mom notices that her daughter is acting acting differently and takes her to the doctors. After running some tests, the doctors find that her brain isn’t getting enough hormones. What causes this to happen?

Answer 16

The ventricle system does not allow hormones in, even though they are supposed to.

Question 17

Your cousin’s doctor says her ventricles are larger than normal. What might this cause?

Answer 17

Psychotic conditions like schizophrenia

Question 18

What are the grooves in the brain called?

Answer 18

Fissures or sulci

Question 19

What is the function of fissures?

Answer 19

They increase the brain’s surface area, allowing for more neurons to fit

Question 20

What fissure splits the brain into two regions?

Answer 20

The Medial Longitudinal Fissure

Question 21

What is lateralization?

Answer 21

The brain’s hemispheres are responsible for different functions

Question 22

What is Contralateral Control?

Answer 22

The right side of the brain controlling a process or function on the left side of body, while the left side of the brain controls a process or function on the right side of the body

Question 23

What is the corpus callosum?

Answer 23

A flat, dense bundle of nerve fibers that crosses the medial longitudinal fissure connecting the two hemispheres of the brain.

Question 24

What is the single largest structure in the brain?

Answer 24

Corpus callosum

Question 25

What are split-brain patients?

Answer 25

People with no corpus callosum, resulting in their right and left hemispheres being no longer able to communicate with one another.

Question 26

What is used to reduce chronic epilepsy?

Answer 26

Severing the Corpus callosum

Question 27

Do the left and right brain always agree with each other?

Answer 27

No

Question 28

How many neural networks are in the brain?

Answer 28

85 billion

Question 29

What are neural networks?

Answer 29

Interconnected chains of neurons working together typically for some specific purpose

Question 30

True or false: The brain has specific structures that only do their job and don't do anything else

Answer 30

False; the brain works together

Question 31

What is neurogenesis?

Answer 31

The process through which new neurons develop

Question 32

How can you increase neurogenesis?

Answer 32

Learning and running have been shown to produce neurons deep in the brain

Question 33

What is neuroplastiicity?

Answer 33

The brain's capacity to reorganize connections within the brain and build new pathways that allow the individual to perform common functions with parts of the brain that are typically not involved in these functions

Question 34

What is the connectome?

Answer 34

All your neurons and neural connections within the nervous system

Question 35

What does Sebastian Seung believe?

Answer 35

You are not just your neurons, but you are the process that emerges from your neural connections

Question 36

Is the majority of brain processing implicit or explicit?

Answer 36

Implicit