C2 - Chemical Structure Flashcards
What is the different sections of the earth
- Crust (solid rock)
- Mantle (semi liquid)
- Outer core (liquid)
- Inner core (solid)
What can tell us what’s under the crust and why?
P waves (goes through solid and liquids)
S waves (go through solids)
What are the observations about the plate movement?
South America and Africa have similarities:
- fossils
- shape
Give a brief explanation of how volcanoes are formed
Oceanic sun ducts under the continental. This melts causing fractures in the crust. Magma goes through cooling forming a volcano
Name the three types of rock.
- Igneous (from cooled magma)
- Sedimentary (layers of sediment held together by prolonged pressure)
- Metamorphic (heat and pressure on sediment)
Give a summary of how electrolysis is used to get pure copper.
- Pulls copper electrons of the anode making Cu(2+) ions.
- Go to the cathode as they have electrons to make copper atoms.
- At the anode there is impurities and at the cathode there is pure copper
What is the equation of what happens at the cathode in electrolysis of copper?
CU(2+) + 2e(-) > Cu
What is the equation of what happens at the anode in electrolysis of copper?
Cu > Cu(2+) + 2e(-)
What are alloys?
A mixture of a metal and another element.
Give an example of an alloy
Steel (iron and carbon)
What is a smart alloy?
If their shape is changed they are able to go back to their original shape
What is the word equation for Iron rusting?
Iron + oxygen + water > hydrated iron(III) oxide
Why do people use different materials on cars?
- best material for best job
- cheapness
- structure
What doe the pH scale show?
This shows different colours indicating its strength and if it is an acid, alkali or neutral
What has the pH between 0 and 6?
Acids