C2 Bonding, structure and properties of matter Flashcards
What are ions
Ions are charged particles
What charge do non metals form?
Negative as they gain electrons
What charge do metals form?
Positive as they gain electrons
What structure are ionic compounds found in?
Giant ionic lattic
What properties do ionic compounds have?
- High melting and boiling point
- Ions cant conduct electricity, unless molten or dissolved
What is covalent bonding?
Non metals sharing pairs of electrons
What are the properties of a simple molecular substance
- Atoms within molecule have strong covalent bonds, but molecules themselves have weak bonds
- Melting and boiling point are low
- Most molecular substances are gases or liquids at room temperature
- Molecular compounds dont conduct electricity
What is a polymer?
A long chain of units
What are 3 examples of giant covalent structures
- Diamond
- Graphite
- Silicon dioxide
Why is diamond very hard?
each carbon atom present in it forms 4/4 bonds with other carbon atoms
What are some uses of fullerenes?
- To deliver drugs
- Industrial catalyst
- lubricants
Why are most metals malleable?
They have layers which slide over each other
Why are alloys harder than pure metals?
Different elements have different sizes, so the added metal distorts the layers making them not be able to slide against each other, making them other
What are nanoparticles used for?
- Catalysts
- Nanomedicine
- Use in micro computer chips
- Used in polymers
- Used in cosmetics
Why its cheaper to use nano particles than coarse particles
- Nanoparticles have a larger surface area to volume ratio
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