C2 Bonding (Part 3)

Question 1

What does the amount of energy needed to

change state from solid to liquid or liquid to gas depend on?

Answer 1

The strength of the forces between the particles of the substance.

The nature of the particles involved depends on the type of bonding and the
structure of the substance.

The stronger the forces between the particles the higher the melting point and boiling point of the substance

Question 2

A pure substance will melt or boil at…? What about the mixture?

Answer 2

A fixed temperature.

A mixture will melt over a range of temperatures.

Question 3

What are the three states of

matter?

Answer 3

Solid, liquid and gas

Question 4

What is metallic bonding?

Answer 4

Forces of attraction between delocalised electrons and nuclei of metal ions

Question 5

Describe properties of metals

Answer 5

• High melting/boiling points (strong forces of attraction)
• Good conductors of heat and electricity (delocalised electrons)
• Malleable, soft (layers of atoms can slide over each other whilst maintaining
  the attraction forces

Question 6

What are alloys? Why are they harder than pure metals?

Answer 6

Alloys:
- mixtures of metal with other elements, usually metals
- different sizes of atoms distorts the layers, so they can’t slide over each other,
therefore alloys are harder than pure metals