c1700 - c1900 - Civilians Experience Of War

Question 1

Impact of Recruitment on civilians

Answer 1

• conditions during the war were poor at home
• army was under strength due to lack of recruits and desertion
• pay was less than that of a labourer
• no army barracks for soldiers to stay in
• militia act resented

Question 2

Problems as the army grew

Answer 2

Towns and cities met problems, with large numbers of soldiers causing disturbances and distrupting trade

Question 3

Why was the 1757 militia act resented?

Answer 3

Rumours suggested militiamen might have to serve abroad

Question 4

Requisitoning and taxation in 1700:

Answer 4

• The army relied upon requisitioning wagons and animals from civilians for transportation as well as requistioning ships due to the cost of building them
• The cost of the army increased from £1 million in 1700 to £8 million in the mid 18th century. The burden caused by the extra cost was small as population grew. Taxes rose considerably during war

Question 5

Developments in requisitioning

Answer 5

• In 1855, the land transport corps was created to provide transport to the army
• in 1888, the army service corps took on the provision and transport of military supplies, with trained recruits

Question 6

Impact of newspaper reporting

Answer 6

-In 1815, the times sold 5000 copies a day; by 1850 this had risen to 40000.
- 500 new provincial papers were distributed by britains steam train network

Question 7

What did William howard russell do to improve newspaper reporting?

Answer 7

Sent short dispatches by telegraph from the Crimea to London. It took only five hours, compared to 20 days by sea. He sent almost daily reports.

Question 8

What was newspaper reporting like by the boer war?

Answer 8

• Newspapers sent 300 journalists to the Boer War. As a result, more information reached the public than ever before which, boosted newspaper sales.
• Films showing reconstructions of the Boer War were shown in music halls

Question 9

Public attitudes to crimean war

Answer 9

Public critisism of leadership in the press led the government to resign

Question 10

Public attitudes in the boer war

Answer 10

Concerns over quality of recruits due to army performance led to calls for change

Question 11

What did the press do to influence public attitudes?

Answer 11

Inspired the public to make a contribution, donating time or equipment

Question 12

What did the Times (newspaper) do to help the soldiers?

Answer 12

Funded for sick and wounded soldiers and raised £5000 a week