C1.4 Crude oil and Fuels Flashcards
How is crude oil formed?
Small animals and plants die and go to the bottom of the sea. Pressure and Heat turn it into Crude Oil
What is fractional distillation?
What property does this rely on?
The process of separating crude oil into useful components.
Boiling point
What does ‘saturated’ mean?
All the bonds are single bonds (alkanes) (CnH2n+2)
Give a problem for each of these pollutants: Carbon Dioxide Sulfur Dioxide Carbon Monoxide Nitrogen Oxide Particulates
Global warming Acid rain Reduces oxygen in the blood Smog Global dimming
What are the benefits of Biodiesel?
Renewable Carbon neutral Less carbon monoxide produced Less sulfur dioxide produced Biodegradable
What are the drawbacks of Biodiesel?
Large areas of land needed Can cause food shortages Releases more nitrogen oxides and less energy Loss of habitat Less Co2 absorbing
What are the benefits of Ethanol?
Carbon neutral
Only other product is water
What are the drawbacks of Ethanol?
Engines need to be converted
Not widely available
Increases food prices
What are the benefits of Hydrogen?
Combines to form just water
Very clean
What are the drawbacks of Hydrogen?
Special, expensive engine
Use another energy source to make it
Hard to store
What are alkanes
Saturated
General formula: CnH2n=2
An example: ethane
What are alkenes
UN-saturated
General formula: CnH2n
An example: ethene
How do we test for saturation?
Bromine water - stays read if its saturated
goes colorless if there is unsaturation
