C1.1 Fundamental ideas in Chemistry

Question 1

What is everything made of?

Answer 1

All substances are made of atoms.

Question 2

What are elements?

Answer 2

Elements are made of only one type of atom.

Question 3

What are compounds? What holds them together?

Answer 3

Compounds contain more than one type of atom. Compounds are held together by bonds.

Question 4

In the periodic table:
What are columns?
What are rows?

Answer 4

Groups

Periods

Question 5

What is the structure of an atom?

Answer 5

Protons and Neutrons are found in the nucleus. Electrons orbit the nucleus.

Question 6

What is the relative mass of a proton?

Answer 6

1

Question 7

What is the relative mass of a neutron?

Answer 7

1

Question 8

What is the relative mass of an electron?

Answer 8

0 (negligible mass)

Question 9

What is the charge of a proton?

Answer 9

Positive

Question 10

What is the charge of a neutron?

Answer 10

Neutral

Question 11

What is the charge of an electron?

Answer 11

Negative

Question 12

What is the atomic number?

Answer 12

The number of protons in the nucleus

Question 13

What is the mass number?

Answer 13

The number of protons plus neutrons

Question 14

What are electrons arranged in?

Answer 14

Shells

Question 15

What is the electronic configuration?

Answer 15

2,8,8,2

Question 16

What is ionic bonding?

Answer 16

When a metal and non-metal react. Metals form positive ions. Non-metals from negative ions. Opposite charges attract. A giant lattice is formed.

Question 17

What is covalent bonding?

Answer 17

When 2 non-metals bond. Outermost electrons are shared. A pair of shared electrons forms a bond.

Question 18

What is Group 1?

Answer 18

Alkali Metals

Question 19

What is Group 2?

Answer 19

Alkali earth metals

Question 20

What is Group 8?

Answer 20

Noble gases