C1.3 Metals and their uses Flashcards
What is an ore?
A rock that contains enough metal to make it economically worth-while to extract
What is reduction?
When a metal is purified and we remove the oxygen.
Metal oxide + carbon→ → metal + carbon dioxide
How does the reactivity series help with extraction?
Anything below carbon can be displaced and extracted using carbon.
Where do metals come from?
Ores - in the Earth’s crust
How are metals more reactive than carbon extracted?
Using electrolysis (which can be expensive)
Name an alloy and what it’s made of
Steel is iron alloyed with other elements. (e.g. carbon steel)
what is a high-alloy?
High-alloys contain more other elements and are more expensive than low-alloys. They do NOT rust and have great strength and resistance to corrosion.
Why do we alloy iron?
Pure iron is too soft for it to be useful.
Why is copper good for electrical wiring?
> good conductor
>unreactive with water
What is phytomining?
Uses plants to absorb metal compounds. Plants are burned to produce ash that conatins metal compounds.
What is bioleaching?
Uses bacteria to produce leachate solutions that contain metal compounds.
What is smelting?
Uses lots of energy (expensive)
copper(i)sulfide + oxygen → copper + sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide produces acid rain
Why should be recycle metals?
>saves energy+other materials >don't need to re-use ore >more energy for other thing >helps the environment >extracting uses up limited resources
How is Aluminium extracted?
Using electrolysis because its too reactive to be extracted with carbon.
What are the properties and uses of Aluminium?
Properties: light, low-density, good conductor, shapes easily, doesn’t corrode easily
Uses:cans, foil, electricity cables, aeroplanes, space veichles
