C12 Sexual Reproduction: Birth control methods

Question 1

What is birth control?

Answer 1

• prevents ovulation, fertilization, or implantation of the embryo
• methods may use natural, chemical mechanical, or surgical means to prevent this processes
• methods may be permanent or temporary

Question 2

What are some temporary birth control methods?

Answer 2

• Abstinence
• withdrawal of penis just before ejaculation
• the rhythm method
• the use of chemicals such as spermicides and birth control pills
• the use of mechanical devices such as condoms, diaphragms, and intrauterine devices

Question 3

What is the rhythm method?

Answer 3

• the act of not having intercourse during the fertile period of the women’s menstrual cycle

Question 4

What is spermicide?

Answer 4

• a chemical that kills and blocks sperms from entering the uterus
• not reliable when used on its own, therefore it is used with a condom or diaphragm

Question 5

What is a diaphragm?

Answer 5

• dome-shaped rubber cap with an elastic rim
• inserted into the vagina and placed over the cervix
• prevents sperm from entering the uterus

Question 6

What is a condom?

Answer 6

• a condom is a thin rubber tube used to cover the penis while erect
• impermeable to sperms, hence preventing sperm from entering the uterus
• also impermeable to viruses and bacteria which helps prevent the spread of STIs

Question 7

What is the intrauterine device?

Answer 7

• a piece of plastic or metal that is inserted into the uterus by a doctor
• prevents the ovum from implanting itself in the uterine lining which provides effective protection for a long time

Question 8

What are contraceptive pills?

Answer 8

• contain certain female hormones which prevent ovulation
• disrupt the function of the ovary which prevents the release of an ovum every month
• women may suffer from side effects