C10: Using Resources

Question 1

Glass properties(5):

Answer 1

• Glass forms giant covalent structures
• The raw materials are heated to 1500°C
• Random arrangement of atoms
• Hard but brittle
• Transparent

Question 2

Glass contents(2):

Answer 2

• Made from silicon dioxide (SiO2)

- Soda-lime glass contains limestone and sodium carbonate

Question 3

Clay/ Ceramics(4):

Answer 3

• Opaque and grey-ish material
• ceramics include: brick, china and porcelain
• Made by shaping wet clay and heating it to extremely high temperatures
• Atoms are arranged in layers

Question 4

Common alloys(6):

Answer 4

• Bronze - Tin
• Gold - Brass
• Aluminium - Steel

Question 5

Bronze(4):

Answer 5

• Decorative
• Malleable
• Corrosion resistant
• Easy recycle

Question 6

Gold(5):

Answer 6

• Decorative
• Malleable
• Soft
• Corrosion resistant
• Easy to recycle

Question 7

Aluminium(4):

Answer 7

• Malleable
• Soft
• Corrosion resistant
• Easy to recycle

Question 8

Tin(3):

Answer 8

• Malleable
• Soft
• Easy to recycle

Question 9

Brass(3):

Answer 9

• Decorative
• Malleable
• Corrosion resistant

Question 10

Steel(3):

Answer 10

• Decorative
• Malleable
• Corroson resistant

Question 11

Chemical equilbrium (definition):

Answer 11

When the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the backwards reaction

Question 12

Alloy (definition):

Answer 12

A mixture of metals made to change the properties to suit a purpose

Question 13

Rusting (4):

Answer 13

• The corrosion of Iron and/or Steel
• It is an oxidaton process
• Both water and oxygen are required
• salt and other electrolytes can speed up rusting

Question 14

Rusting (equation):

Answer 14

Iron + Oxygen + Water = hydrated iron oxide

Question 15

Rust =

Answer 15

Hydrated Iron Oxide

Question 16

NPK fertilisers (definition):

Answer 16

Fertilisers that contain nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium to help plants grow better

Question 17

Phytomining (definition):

Answer 17

The use of plants to extract metals from low-grade ores

Question 18

The Haber Process(3):

Answer 18

• Nitrogen and Hydrogen are pumped into the reaction vessel
• Ammonia sinks to the bottom of a closed system because it condenses at a lower temperature
• Excess hydrogen and nitrogen is pumped into the reaction vessel again until ther is only ammonia

Question 19

Dynamic Equilibrium…

Answer 19

only occurs in gases

Question 20

The ammonia made in the haber process…(2)

Answer 20

• can be used as a fertiliser in liquid form

- It is mostly changed into compounds of ammonia to give the plant exta minerals

Question 21

Bioleaching (definition)

[2]:

Answer 21

• Using bacteria to produce leachate solutions that contain metal compounds
• These can then be processed to obtain the metal

Question 22

Life cycle assessments (definition):

Answer 22

Assess every stage of a product’s lifetime in order to evaluate total environmental costs

Question 23

What are the 4 stages of life cycle assessments?

Answer 23

• Acquiring raw materials
• Manufacturing and packaging
• Product use
• Product disposal