C1 - Heart Structure Flashcards
What are the four chambers of the heart?
Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle.
What is the function of the septum?
Separates the left and right sides of the heart to keep oxygenated and deoxygenated blood from mixing.
What are the two types of heart valves?
Atrioventricular (tricuspid & bicuspid) and semilunar valves.
What does the right atrium do?
Receives oxygen-poor blood from the body via the vena cavae.
What does the left atrium do?
Receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins.
What is the role of the right ventricle?
Pumps oxygen-poor blood to the lungs via the pulmonary arteries.
What is the role of the left ventricle?
Pumps oxygen-rich blood to the body via the aorta.
What are the three types of blood vessels?
Arteries, veins, capillaries.
What is the function of arteries?
Carry blood away from the heart, usually oxygen-rich (except pulmonary artery).
What is the function of veins?
Carry blood toward the heart, usually oxygen-poor (except pulmonary vein).
How do veins prevent backflow of blood?
They contain one-way valves.
What are capillaries?
The smallest blood vessels where gas, waste, hormone, and nutrient exchange occurs.
What are the three pathways of blood circulation?
Systemic (body), pulmonary (lungs), coronary (heart muscle).
Trace the path of blood through the heart starting from the body.
Vena cava → right atrium → tricuspid valve → right ventricle → semilunar valve → pulmonary arteries → lungs → pulmonary veins → left atrium → bicuspid valve → left ventricle → semilunar valve → aorta → body.
What is the function of the chordae tendineae?
Prevent atrioventricular valves from inverting.
What is the largest blood vessel in the body?
Aorta.
