C1 Atomic Structure And The Periodic Table Flashcards
❗️Describe group 0
Describe trend in boiling point and relative atomic mass down the group
Noble gases are unreactive as they have a full outer shell of electrons, all have 8 outer electrons apart form helium which has 2.
Down the group:Boiling point increases and relative atomic mass increases
❗️Describe Group 1
Describe and explain trend in reactivity down the group
The alkali metals have single electrons in their outer shells and have metallic bonding. They are soft and low density.
They become less reactive down the group because the atoms get bigger so the outer electrons are further away from the nucleus. This means the outer electrons are less strongly held, due to a weaker attraction so can be lost more easily therefore more reactive.
❗️Describe group 7
What are the states of Flourine chlorine bromine and iodine
The halogens have 7 outer electrons and are made up of diatomic molecules. They have covalent bonds, low boiling points and weak intermolecular forces which are easily overcome.
A more reactive halogen can displace a less reactive halogen from an aqueous solution of its salt
F2-gas Cl2-gas Br2-liquid I2-solid
❗️Describe and explain the trend in reactivity down group 7
Describe and explain the trend in relative molecular mass and melting/boiling points down the group
As you go down the group, the reactivity decreases as the atoms get bigger. This means there is a weaker attraction between the nucleus and outer electrons. Less attraction means it is harder for the atoms to gain electrons.
As you go down the group the relative molecular mass increases, as the molecules get bigger therefore intermolecular forces get bigger meaning the melting and boiling points also increase
Reactions of lithium sound and potassium with oxygen h xx Lorine and water ❗️❗️❗️❗️❗️
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What’s the radius of an atom in meters and the radius of the atoms nucleus
Radius of atom = 1 x 10 power of -10
Radius of nucleus= 1/10000 of the atoms radius
When you react a halogen with a metal what is formed?
How about a halogen with a non metal?
Halogen and metal form ionic compounds where the hallide has a -1 charge
Halogen and non metal forms a covalent compound where there a shared pair of electrons
❗️What are the typical properties of transition metals?
How about compared to alkali metals?
Can form colored compounds
Can have ions with different charges
Useful catalysts.
They’re more dense, harder, stronger, higher melting points (except mercury) than alkali metals, but are less reactive and do not react vigorously with water or oxygen
Properties of transition metals in relation to Cr Mn etc
