C1- Atomic Structure Flashcards
How many types of atoms do elements contain?
Only 1
How many types of atoms do compounds contain?
More than 1
What are the reactants in a chemical reaction?
The substances you start with
What are the products in a chemical reaction?
The new substances made
Whats the state symbol for a solid?
(s)
Whats the state symbol for a liquid?
(L)
Whats the state symbol for a gas?
(g)
Whats the state symbol for an aqueous solution?
(aq)
Compounds
Two or more substances chemically bonded
Mixtures
Two or more substances that are not chemically bonded
Whats the composition of compounds like?
Fixed
Whats the composition of mixtures like?
Not fixed
How are compounds separated?
Chemical chemical reactions
Describe the bonds a compound
There are chemical bonds between the atoms of the different elements
Describe the chemical bonds in a mixture
There are no chemical bonds
Name 3 different methods of separating mixtures
- filtration
- crystallisation
- fractional distillation
- simple distillation
- chromatography
Why is the separation of mixtures using fractional/simple distillation possible?
Because of the different boiling points fo the liquids in the mixture
Why is the separation of mixtures using chromatography possible?
Because of (the substances) their different solubilities in the solvent used
Solvent
A solvent is the component of a solution that is present in the greatest amount. It is the substance in which the solute is dissolved. Examples: The solvent for seawater is water
Solute
A solute is defined as the substance that is dissolved in a solution
Plum pudding model
A ball of positive charge with electrons stuck in the.m
Who discovered electrons and the plum pudding model?
JJ Thomson
What did Rutherford discover about the structures if the atom after the alpha scattering experiment?
That the nucleus had a positive charge
What did James chadwick discover about the structure of the atom?
That the nucleus also contained neutral particles which we call neutrons
