C1 - Atomic Structure Flashcards
What is an element?
A substance made up of only one type of atom. An element cannot be broken down chemically into any simpler substance
What is a compound?
A substance made when two or more elements are chemically bonded together
What is an atom?
The smallest part of an element that can still be recognised as that element
What is a mixture?
When some elements or compounds are mixed together and intermingle but do not react together (i.e. no new substance is made). A mixture is not a pure substance.
Filtration separates what from what?
An insoluble (can’t be dissolved) solid from a liquid
Crystallisation separates what from what?
A soluble (can be dissolved) substance from a solvent
What is distillation?
Separation of a liquid from a mixture by evaporation followed by condensation
What is Fractional Distillation?
A way to separate liquids from a mixture of liquids by boiling off the substances at different temperatures, then condensing and collecting the liquids.
What happens in simple distillation?
A solution is heated and boiled to evaporate the solvent.
The vapour given off then enters a condenser.
The hot vapour is cooled and condensed back into a liquid for collection in a receiving vessel. Any dissolved liquids will remain in the heated flask.
