(c) electron configuration and atomic orbitals

Question 1

What does a quantum number describe?

Answer 1

An electrons location in space.

Question 2

How many numbers make up a quantum number?

Answer 2

4

Question 3

What does the first quantum number represent?

Answer 3

An electrons energy level.

Question 4

What does the second quantum number represent?

Answer 4

An electrons sub-shell/ orbital.

Question 5

What does the third quantum number represent?

Answer 5

The orientation of the orbital.

Question 6

What does the fourth quantum number represent?

Answer 6

The spin of the electron.

Question 7

What is important regarding quantum numbers within electrons?

Answer 7

That no two electrons can have the same quantum number.

Question 8

What is the first quantum number also known as?

Answer 8

The principle quantum number.

Question 9

How is the first quantum number denoted?

Answer 9

The letter ‘n’.

Question 10

What is an orbital?

Answer 10

An area of space where you could find an electron.

Question 11

What is the likelihood of finding an electron in an orbital?

Answer 11

90%

Question 12

What makes electrons similar to photons?

Answer 12

They both have wave/ particle duality.

Question 13

How are orbitals/ sub-shells denoted?

Answer 13

The letter ‘L’.

Question 14

What is the range of L?

Answer 14

L=0-> n-1

Question 15

If n=3 what does L equal?

Answer 15

L=0,1,2

Question 16

What does the different values of L relate to?

Answer 16

The different shaped orbitals.

Question 17

If L=0 what is the type and shape of the orbital?

Answer 17

S orbital and a sphere.

Question 18

If L=1 what is the type and shape of the orbital?

Answer 18

P orbital and dumbbell.

Question 19

If L=2 what is the type and shape of the orbital?

Answer 19

d orbital and double dumbbell.

Question 20

If L=3 what is the type of orbital?

Answer 20

f.

Question 21

What is the third quantum number represented by?

Answer 21

M L.

Question 22

What is the range of ML?

Answer 22

ML= -L->+L

Question 23

For L=0 what does ML equal?

Answer 23

0

Question 24

If ML equals 0 how many numbers are there and by association how many orientations are there?

Answer 24

1 number so 1 orientation.

Question 25

How many orientations does the S orbital have?

Answer 25

1

Question 26

For L=1 what does ML equal?

Answer 26

-1, 0, +1

Question 27

If ML=-1, 0, +1 how many numbers are there and therefore how many orientations are there?

Answer 27

3 numbers so 3 orientations.

Question 28

How does the dum bell change its orientation to fit 3 orientations on a cartesian diagram?

Answer 28

The dumbbell lies on each different axis.

Question 29

How many orientations does the P orbital have?

Answer 29

3

Question 30

For L=2 what does ML equal?

Answer 30

ML= -2,-1,0,1,2

Question 31

If ML=2 how many numbers are there and therefore how many orientations are there?

Answer 31

5 numbers so 5 orientations.

Question 32

What does dz^2 look like?

Answer 32

A dumbbell along the z axis with a circle around the middle at the origin.

Question 33

How many orientations does the d orbital have?

Answer 33

5

Question 34

If L=3 what does ML equal?

Answer 34

ML=-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3

Question 35

if ML=3 how many numbers are there and therefore how many orientations are there?

Answer 35

7 numbers so 7 orientations.

Question 36

What is the fourth quantum number represented by?

Answer 36

Ms

Question 37

If a single headed arrow is pointing up what is its number?

Answer 37

+1/2

Question 38

If a single headed arrow is pointing down what is its number?

Answer 38

-1/2

Question 39

What does Aufbaus’ Principle state?

Answer 39

Electrons must fill the lowest energy orbitals first.

Question 40

What does the Pauli exclusion principle state?

Answer 40

Orbitals can hold a maximum of 2 electrons and these electrons must have opposite spins.

Question 41

What is Hunds’ rule?

Answer 41

If there are degenerate (same energy) orbitals, electrons will fill unoccupied orbitals before ‘doubling up’.

Question 42

What is the correct order for increasing energy levels in orbitals for box notation?

Answer 42

1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 4d, 4f.