C++ Deck 5

Question 1

What are the five stages of software development?

Answer 1

1. Requirements Gathering
2. Design and Planning
3. Implementation and Coding
4. Testing and Quality Assurance
5. Deployment and Maintenance

Question 2

What is an algorithm?

Answer 2

A finite sequence of steps to perform a specific task.

Question 3

What is the difference between Syntax and Semantics?

Answer 3

Syntax - the grammar of a language
Semantics - the meaning of the language

Syntax can be correct, but the meaning might not be, e.g. “The headphones ate the tree.” is grammatically correct, but makes no sense.

Question 4

What are the five steps of creation and execution of a C++ program?

Answer 4

1. Create source code (write and store to disk)
2. Preprocessor (first step of compilation)
3. Complilation (syntax checking / object code)
4. Linking (Link object code files with libraries)
5. Execution (Program loaded into memory, usually RAM, CPU executes code instructions)

Question 5

What is Object Code?

Answer 5

The machine code translation of the source code.

Question 6

What is a C++ library?

Answer 6

A file with several useful functions that has been published and accepted as a part of the language. Usually pre-compiled and made available to perform common tasks.

Question 7

The two parts of a C++ library.

Answer 7

Interface (Header File containing declarations of items available in the library, usually with short descriptions. Accessible to the developer.)

Implementation (File containing the pre-compiled executable definitions or implementation of the functions listed in the interface. Only accessible to the compiler.

Question 8

What is an atomic data type?

Answer 8

Only stores one piece of information that cannot be split into smaller parts while still retaining the meaning/value. They are the built-in types defined by the C++ language and have an associated size of bytes in memory.

Examples: bool, char, short, int, long, float, double, long double

Question 9

What type of values can a bool store?

Answer 9

0 and 1 (true and false)

Question 10

Memory Size: bool

Answer 10

1 byte*

• Could vary based on implementation

Question 11

What type of value does a char store?

Answer 11

An integer type that is capable of storing a single character (alphabetical, numerical, or special) using their ASCII values.

Question 12

Memory Size: char

Answer 12

1 byte

Question 13

Signed and Unsigned: char

Answer 13

Signed: -128 to +127
Unsigned: 0 to 255

Question 14

What values does a short store?

Answer 14

Integer type that stores small numeric values that do not have fractional parts.

Question 15

Memory Size: short

Answer 15

2 bytes

Question 16

Signed and Unsigned: short

Answer 16

Signed: -32768 to +32767
Unsigned: 0 to 65535

Question 17

What value does an int store?

Answer 17

Standard integer type for numbers that do not have fractional parts.

Question 18

Memory Size: int

Answer 18

4 bytes

Question 19

Signed and Unsigned: int

Answer 19

Signed: -2^31 to 2^31-1 (about 2 billion)
Unsigned: 0 to 2^32-1 (about 4 billion)

Question 20

What values does long store?

Answer 20

Integer type for large whole numbers.

Question 21

Memory Size: long

Answer 21

8 bytes

Question 22

Signed and Unsigned: long

Answer 22

Signed: -2^63 to +2^63-1 (about 8 quintillion)
Unsigned: 0 to 2^64-1 (about 16 quintillion)

Question 23

What type of value does float store?

Answer 23

Floating point type that can hold fractional numerical data.

Question 24

Memory Size: float

Answer 24

4 bytes

Question 25

Signed or Unsigned: float

Answer 25

Signed/Unsigned: 3.4 x 10^-38 to 3.4 x 10^38