C&D Pt3: Stats With Patterns In Offending, Media, Globalisation & Green Crime Flashcards
Why do crime stats show a high level of minor ethnic groups (particularly young black males) ?
-Because of discriminatory practices from the CJS stopping and searching ethnic minorities more
-Left realists think that black & other ethnic groups are more likely to commit street crime compared to whites as they believe crime is a product of relative deprivation, subcultures and marginalisation.
How is the representation of black males disproportionate to their population size in the UK?
According to the Ministry of Justice,about 3% of the population are black, yet blacks are over-represented in crime stats
What are the sort of discriminatory practices that could be enacted onto ethnic minorities?
-Abusive stop & search measures
-Being held in remand for longer than whites
What are the 3 ways of gathering crime stats?
1.) Official stats
2.) Victim surveys
3.) Self reports
What are the crime patterns in gender?
-In the UK, 73% of all convicted crimes consist of men
-Women have lower arrest rates than men generally across all countries (well, apart from prostitution of course)
-Men tend to commit more serious crimes (more violent and sexual crimes)
- 95% of the prison population in the UK accounts for men
What are explanations for the under-representation of females in crime stats?
1.) The chivalry thesis : how they’re treated more leniently by the CJS (as the police, magistrates & other law enforcers tend to be men who’ve been socialised to be chivalrous to women)
2.) Women commit less detectable crimes (as they commit more trivial crimes such as theft of small / cheap goods)
3.) Women dominate the “private sphere” (at home), meaning they have less chance to commit crimes
4.) Women tend to commit crimes alone, whereas men tend to do them in groups, which could explain why they’re more likely to be caught and prosecuted
What did Dobash & Dobash find about police officers around the topic of domestic violence?
Police officers are unlikely to make arrests when a male offender used violence against his wife
What did Sandra Walklate argue about rape trials?
That it’s mainly the female victim that’s on trial, not the accused male rapist - the male is mostly never found guilty or prosecuted
What is Heidensohn’s selective chivalry thesis?
-She develops from the chivalry thesis and claims that the CJS treat women more harshly if they deviate from traditional stereotypes of femininity;
however they’re more lenient & chivalrous on those who adhere more to femininity within their character
