C&D 4 Frances Heidensohn

Question 1

D: What type of sociologist is FH?

E: What is the main reason that women commit fewer crimes than men?

C: How do other women contribute to women committing fewer crimes than men?

Answer 1

D: A feminist

E: Women are more socially controlled than men.

C: Women/ mothers do most of the primary socialisation of children. Women also informally socially control other women in their communities.

Question 2

D: Name 3 ways in which women are more socially controlled.

E: Explain the ways women are more socially controlled.

C: Apply examples of how women are more socially controlled.

Answer 2

D: The home, in public and at work.

E: The home- girls and women are more frequently supervised by parents, then partners. They also have more tasks to complete in the home, which keeps them busy. In public- women are taught to fear going out alone at night. At work,- women are more likely to have higher levels of supervision from male bosses.

C: At home- bedroom culture and the triple shift/ dual burden.

In public- social control from the being under higher levels of surveillance.

At work- the glass ceiling.

Question 3

D: Name 1 research method that FH used.

E: Name all 3 research methods used by FH.

C: What is the term for using multiple (3) methods.

Answer 3

D and E: Primary research- FH’s own previous research on 77 delinquent girls.
Qualitative research from other sociologists and autobiographies.
Quantitative research- official statistics.

C: Triangulation. Using mixed methods makes research more reliable and valid.

Question 4

D: Name one practical advantage of her research methods.

E: Name two theoretical (valid/ representative/ reliable) advantages of her research.

C: Name three ethical advantages of her research.

Answer 4

D: It was quicker and cheaper using secondary sources than it would have been to collect primary data.

E: Using previous and current qualitative data makes the research more valid. The official statistics are reliable and representative.

C: Secondary sources have no risk of causing harm to the participants, doesn’t involve danger to FH and privacy/ confidentiality is maintained in the official statistics, as there are no names, just numbers.

Question 5

D: What is the most important thing about women’s behaviour?

E: What does it mean to be ‘socially controlled’?

C: What other social control theory does FH’s theory link to?

Answer 5

D: How conformist (well-behaved) it is.

E: To behave in the way that society expects because of fear of judgement/ consequences from others in society.

C: Hirschi (functionalist) theory of social control.