c a r d i o p h a r m

Question 1

candesatan is an

Answer 1

ARB - blocked AT1 receptors and therefore inhibits the effects of angiotensin ii
do not inhibit kinin breakdown so no dry cough

Question 2

cardioselective vs non selective b blocker

Answer 2

bisoprolol = cardio selective

sotalol, propanolol = non selective

Question 3

b blocker MOA

Answer 3

blocks b receptors

actions via b1 = reduce CO, hr and contractility, reduce bp

actions on b2 - Bronchi, GIT: SM relaxation

Question 4

b blocker effects

Answer 4

↑ diastolic perfusion - ↓ O2 demand

- ↓ afterload

Question 5

SE of b blocker

Answer 5

bronchospasm

hypotension, bradycardia

worsened raynauds - peripheral vasoconstriction

Question 6

dihydropyridine ccb and action

Answer 6

amlodipine
nifidepine

arterial SM activity - vasodilation

Question 7

non dihydropyridines

Answer 7

• ve inotropic effect (esp. verapamil)
• verapamil also slows conduction at av and sa nodes

verapamil
diltiazem

Question 8

ccb se

Answer 8

flushing headache

ankle oedema

Question 9

GTN moa and SE

Answer 9

NO donor with short and rapid onset
vasodilation = reduces preload

reduced bp inc postural

headache

syncope

Question 10

what class of anti arrhythmic is flecainide

Answer 10

class 1c

Question 11

what class of anti arrrrhythic is amiodarone

Answer 11

class iii

Question 12

digoxin is a

Answer 12

cardia glycoside

Question 13

anti platelets give examples

Answer 13

aspirin

clopidogrel

Question 14

action of clopidogrel

Answer 14

thienopyridine

Irreversible adenosine R antagonist
- inhibits ADP-induced fibrinogen binding to GPIIb/IIIa

Question 15

SE of clopidogrel

Answer 15

bleeding - GI or intecranial

GI upset

Question 16

SE of aspirin

Answer 16

gastritis
gastric ulceration
bleeding

Question 17

action of aspirin

Answer 17

irreversible non selective COX inhibitor

reduces platelet TXA2
reduced platelet activation
reduced platelet adhesion and aggregation

Question 18

action of statins

Answer 18

HMC CoA reductase inhibitors = block rate liming step in cholesterol synthesis

reduced hepatocyte cholesterol and increased ldl receptors in liver = reduced ldl cholesterol

Question 19

se of statins

Answer 19

myositis = check ck

deranged lfts

gi upset

Question 20

describe the action of warfarin

Answer 20

inhibits vit k epoxide reductase
inhibit recycling of vit k = leads to functional vit k deficiency
inhibits synthesis of factors 2,7,9,10,c and s

Question 21

heparin mode of action

Answer 21

Co-factor for ATIII:

inhibits factors 2, 10, 11 and 12.

Question 22

how do thrombolytics work

Answer 22

Convert plasminogen → plasmin Plasmin breaks down fibrin

streptokinase

alteplase