Byzantine Architecture Flashcards
3 PERIODS
EARLY 330-730
MIDDLE 843-1204
LATE 1261-1453
2 LOCAL MATERIALS
1 IMPORTED
CLAY FOR BRICK, RUBBLE FOR CONCRETE
MARBLE FOR IMPOTANT BLDGS ONLY
-BY CONSTANTINE
-LAW THAT TOLERATED THE PRACTICE OF CHRISTIANITY
EDICT OF MILAN
WHERE IS BYZANTIUM/CONSTANTINOPLE LOCATED
BETWEEN BLACK SEA AND MEDITERRANEAN SEA
-LAW THAT FORBADE STATUES
-BY LEO III
-BECAUSE AFRAID PEOPLE MIGHT WORSHIP THE STATUES
ICONOLASTIC MOVEMENT
“IMAGE BREAKING”
ICONOCLASM
DIVISION OF EASTERN ORTHODOX AND WESTERN ROMAN CATHOLIC
GREAT SCHISM
T OR F
BOTH WESTERN ROMAN CHURCH AND EASTERN ORTHODOX BELIEVE IN ONE GOD (FATHER, SON, HOLY SPIRIT)
TRUE
T OR F
BOTH RECOGNIZES VIRGIN MARY AS THE MATHER OF CHRIST
TRUE
T OR F
PRESBYTERS IS USED IN WESTERN AND PRIESTS ARE USED IN EASTERN
FALSE (PRIEST=WESTERN, PRESBYTERS=WESTERN)
T OR F
PRESBYTERS CAN MARRY AND PRIESTS DO NOT
TRUE
T OR F
EASTERN HAS ONLY ONE CHURCH
FALSE
EASTERN HAS THREE DEPENDING ON WHERE IT IS LOCATED
-RUSSIAN
-GREEK
-COPTIC (EGYPTIAN)
WESTERN ONLY HAS ONE: ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH
-BYZANTINE ARKI USED WHAT KIND OF PLAN
CROSS IN SQUARE
3 SPACES OF BYZANTINE CHURCHES
NARTHEX, NAVE, SANCTUARY
T OT F
BYZANTINE ACCOMODATED A SEATED MASS
FALSE (STANDING MASS)
WALL OF ICONS AND RELIGOUS PAINTINGS
ICONOSTASIS
TRIANGULAR CURVE TO SUPPPORT DOME
PENDENTIVE
3 TYPES OF DOMES
SIMPLE
COMPOUND
SPECIAL
DOME AND PENDENTIVE IS PART OF SAME SPHERE
SIMPLE DOME
2 TYPES OF COMPUND DOME
-DOME ON TOP OF PENDENTIVE
-DOME ON A DRUM ON TOP OF THE PENDENTIVE
3 TYPES OF SPECIAL DOMES
-RIBBED DOME
-SERRATED DOME
-BULBOUS DOME
8 ORNAMENT MOTIFS
-IKHTHUS/FISH
-DOVE
-PEACOCK
-LAMB
-GRAPEVINE
-ENDLESS KNOT
-CHI RHO
-SYMBOLIC GROUPS OF SAINTS
A DECORATIVE ART CREATED BY ASSEMBLING SMALL PCS OF GLASS OR TILES
MOSAIC
A PC OF TILE OR GLASS IN A MOSAIC
TESSARAE
SYMBOL FOR CHRISTIANITY OR JESUS
FISH OR IKHTHUS