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HOA1_FINALS > Byzantine Architecture > Flashcards

Byzantine Architecture Flashcards

1
Q

3 PERIODS

A

EARLY 330-730
MIDDLE 843-1204
LATE 1261-1453

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2
Q

2 LOCAL MATERIALS
1 IMPORTED

A

CLAY FOR BRICK, RUBBLE FOR CONCRETE
MARBLE FOR IMPOTANT BLDGS ONLY

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3
Q

-BY CONSTANTINE
-LAW THAT TOLERATED THE PRACTICE OF CHRISTIANITY

A

EDICT OF MILAN

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4
Q

WHERE IS BYZANTIUM/CONSTANTINOPLE LOCATED

A

BETWEEN BLACK SEA AND MEDITERRANEAN SEA

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5
Q

-LAW THAT FORBADE STATUES
-BY LEO III
-BECAUSE AFRAID PEOPLE MIGHT WORSHIP THE STATUES

A

ICONOLASTIC MOVEMENT

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6
Q

“IMAGE BREAKING”

A

ICONOCLASM

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7
Q

DIVISION OF EASTERN ORTHODOX AND WESTERN ROMAN CATHOLIC

A

GREAT SCHISM

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8
Q

T OR F
BOTH WESTERN ROMAN CHURCH AND EASTERN ORTHODOX BELIEVE IN ONE GOD (FATHER, SON, HOLY SPIRIT)

A

TRUE

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9
Q

T OR F
BOTH RECOGNIZES VIRGIN MARY AS THE MATHER OF CHRIST

A

TRUE

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10
Q

T OR F
PRESBYTERS IS USED IN WESTERN AND PRIESTS ARE USED IN EASTERN

A

FALSE (PRIEST=WESTERN, PRESBYTERS=WESTERN)

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11
Q

T OR F
PRESBYTERS CAN MARRY AND PRIESTS DO NOT

A

TRUE

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12
Q

T OR F
EASTERN HAS ONLY ONE CHURCH

A

FALSE
EASTERN HAS THREE DEPENDING ON WHERE IT IS LOCATED
-RUSSIAN
-GREEK
-COPTIC (EGYPTIAN)
WESTERN ONLY HAS ONE: ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH

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13
Q

-BYZANTINE ARKI USED WHAT KIND OF PLAN

A

CROSS IN SQUARE

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14
Q

3 SPACES OF BYZANTINE CHURCHES

A

NARTHEX, NAVE, SANCTUARY

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15
Q

T OT F
BYZANTINE ACCOMODATED A SEATED MASS

A

FALSE (STANDING MASS)

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16
Q

WALL OF ICONS AND RELIGOUS PAINTINGS

A

ICONOSTASIS

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17
Q

TRIANGULAR CURVE TO SUPPPORT DOME

A

PENDENTIVE

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18
Q

3 TYPES OF DOMES

A

SIMPLE
COMPOUND
SPECIAL

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19
Q

DOME AND PENDENTIVE IS PART OF SAME SPHERE

A

SIMPLE DOME

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20
Q

2 TYPES OF COMPUND DOME

A

-DOME ON TOP OF PENDENTIVE
-DOME ON A DRUM ON TOP OF THE PENDENTIVE

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21
Q

3 TYPES OF SPECIAL DOMES

A

-RIBBED DOME
-SERRATED DOME
-BULBOUS DOME

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22
Q

8 ORNAMENT MOTIFS

A

-IKHTHUS/FISH
-DOVE
-PEACOCK
-LAMB
-GRAPEVINE
-ENDLESS KNOT
-CHI RHO
-SYMBOLIC GROUPS OF SAINTS

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23
Q

A DECORATIVE ART CREATED BY ASSEMBLING SMALL PCS OF GLASS OR TILES

A

MOSAIC

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24
Q

A PC OF TILE OR GLASS IN A MOSAIC

A

TESSARAE

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25
Q

SYMBOL FOR CHRISTIANITY OR JESUS

A

FISH OR IKHTHUS

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26
Q

SYMBOL FOR UNITY AND PEACE

27
Q

SYMBOL OF SACRIFICE FOR THE GREATER GOOD

A

LAMB (THE GOOD SHEPHERD)

28
Q

SYMBOLIZES VITAL UNION, VINE=JESUS, BRANCH =PEOPLE

29
Q

ETERNITY
ENDLESS NATURE OF GOD, CHRIST, HOLY SPIRIT

A

ENDLESS KNOT

30
Q

-CRUCIFIXION
-1ST TWO LETTERS OF CHRIST IN GREEK

31
Q

ART OF PAINTING ON FRESH/WET PLASTER

A

FRESCO PAINTING

32
Q

3 TYPES OF FLOOR PAVEMENT

A

OPUS SECTILE
OPUS ALEXANDRINUM
OPUS TESSALLATUM

33
Q

USED FOR BACKGROUND HORIZONTALLY OR VERTICALLY

A

OPUS TESSALLATUM

34
Q

TINY GEOMETRICALLY SHAPED PIECES

A

OPUS ALEXANDRINUM

35
Q

LARGE PIECES, SPECIALLY CUT

A

OPUS SECTILE

36
Q

W DEEPER ABACUS

A

DOSSERET BLOCKS

37
Q

MASSIVE W CUBIFORM CAPITALS OFTEN W DODDERET BLOCKS TO SUPPPORT THE VOISSOIR OF AN ARCH

A

BYZANTINE COLUMN

38
Q

7 PLACES FOR BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE EXAMPLES

A

TURKY
GREECE
BULGARIA
SERBIA
ROMANIA
ITALY
RUSSIAN AND UKRIANE

39
Q

4 EXAMPLES UNDER GREECE

A

CHURCH OF HOLY APOSTLES
DAPHNI MONASTERY
MONASTERY CHURCH OF HOSIOS LOUKAS
METEORA MONASTERIES

40
Q

-FIRST SIGNIFICANT CHURCH IN MIDDLE BYZANTINE
-BY CONSTANTINE, REBUILT BY JUSTINIAN IN CROSS IN SQUARE
-BURIAL PLACE OF SOME OF BYZANTINE EMPERORS

A

CHURCH OF HOLY APOSTLES

41
Q

-KNOWN FOR GLASS MOSICS W BLACK AND GOLD BACKGROUND
-CROSS IN SQUARE PLAN

A

DAPHNI MONASTERY

42
Q

-DEDICATED TO VENERABLE LUKE, NOT ST LUKE
-HAS 2 CHURCHES
-USED CLOISONNING TECHNIQUE

A

MONASTERY CHURCH OF HOSIOS LOUKAS

43
Q

2 CHURCHES OF MONASTERY CHURCH OF HOSIOS LOUKAS AND PLAN

A

THEOEOKOS=CROSS IN SQUARE
KATHOLIKON=DOOMED OCTAGON

44
Q

-ORIGINALLY HAS 24 MONASTERIES
-NOW HAVE 6 (4 MONKS 2 NUN)

A

METEORA MONASTERIES

45
Q

WALL FACING TECHNIQUE WHICH SURROUNDS THE BRICKS W STONES (USED IN MONASTERY CHURCH OF HOSIOS LOUKAS)

A

CLOISONNE/CLOISSONING TECHNIQUE

46
Q

“METEORA”

A

SUSPENEDED IN AIR

47
Q

6 REMAINING IN METEORA MONASTERIES

A

GREAT METEORON -OLDEST
VARLAAN
RUSANOV
HOLY TRINITY
ST. STEPHEN
ST. NICHOLAS

48
Q

2 EXAMPLES IN BULGARIA AND SIMILARITIES

A

PANTHOKRATOR & ST. IVAN
-COLORFUL EXTERIOR USING BRICKS AND STONE
-ARCHES OR ROSETTE

49
Q

SIMILARITIES OF EXAMPLES IN SERBIA

A

-DOMES
-USED CLOISONNE

50
Q

2 EXAMPLES UNDER ROMANIA AND SIMILARITIES

A

SUCEVITA MONASTERY & VARONET MONASTERY
-COLORFUL PAINTINGS IN EXTERIOR
-POINTED ROOFS BECAUSE OF WINTER

51
Q

2 EXAMPLES UNDER ITALY

A

BASILICA DI SAN VITALE
ST. MARK’S BASILICA

52
Q

-HAS DOUBLE OCTAGONAL SHELL W DOOMED OCTAGONAL CORTE
-LARGEST AND BEST-PRESERVED BYZANTINE MOSAICS OUTSIDE THE WALL

A

BASILICA DI SAN VITALE

53
Q

-CHIESA D’ORO
-REPRESENTATION OF INCIDENTS FROM OLD TESTAMENT
-FLOOR IS ENTIRELY COVERED IN MOSAIC IN GEOMETRIC AND ANIMAL PATTERN

A

ST. MARK’S BASILICA

54
Q

“CHIESA D’ORO”

A

CHURCH OF GOLD

55
Q

2 EXAMPLES FROM RUSSIA AND UKRAINE

A

-CHURCH OF ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST
-ST. BASIL; THE BLESSED CATHEDRAL

56
Q

-KNOWN FOR CANDY STRIPING IN ITS FACADE

A

ST JOHN THE BAPTIST

57
Q

-HAS 9 DIFFERENT CHURCHES
-HAS 9 UNIQUE DOMES
-BY IVAN IV IN 555
-ARKI: POSNIK YAKOLEV
-“HEAVENLY JERUSALEM”
-MOST RECOGNIZABLE SYMBOL OF RUSSIA

A

ST. BASIL THE BLESSED CATHEDRAL

58
Q

ALSO KNOWN AS “CATHEDRAL OF THE PROTECTION OF MOST HOLY THEOTOKOS ON THE MOAT”

A

ST. BASIL THE BLESSED CATHEDRAL

59
Q

“HEAVENLY JERUSALEM”

A

ST. BASIL THE BLESSED CATHEDRAL

60
Q

1 EXAMPLE FROM TURKY

A

HAGIA SOPHIA

61
Q

-BY ISODORUS AND ANTHEMIUS
-1ST WAS DEDICATED TO CONSTANIUS AND GOT DESTROYED DURING RIOT
-2ND DEDICATED TO THEODOSUS II, BURNED DOWN
-3RD BY JUSTINIAN, DESIGNED BY ISODORUS AND ANTHEMIUS
-MINARETS WERE ADDED
-FELL INTO OTTOMAN
-TURNED INTO A MOSQUE
-TURNED INTO MUSEUM 1935
-BROUGHT BACK TO MOSQUE JULY 2020

A

HAGIA SOPHIA

62
Q

-MOST IMPORTANT EXAMPLE OF BYZANTINE ARKI

A

HAGIA SOPHIA

63
Q

“HOLY WISDOM”

A

HAGIA SOPHIA

HOA1_FINALS (3 decks)

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