Buzzwords Flashcards
Right sided pleuritic chest pain
Most likely pneumonia
ABCDE of pulmonary oedema
Alveolar bat wings Kerley B lines Cardiomegaly Dilated prominent upper lobe vessels Pleural effusion
Ground glass appearance on X-Ray
Pulmonary fibrosis
Respiratory distress of the newborn
Ziehl-Neelsen stain positive for acid fast bacilli
TB
Caseous necrosis
TB
Apical disease
Most likely (secondary TB)
What is apical lesion called?
Assmann focus
What is miliary TB?
Spread of organism into bloodstream
If miliary TB spreads through the pulmonary artery what happens?
Miliary dissemination into the lung occurs
If miliary TB spreads through the pulmonary vein what happens?
Systemic dissemination to the liver, spleen and kidneys
Positive anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies
Goodpastures syndrome
Chest infection with parrot/pigeon as a pet
Chlamydophila psittaci
Dry cough and diRrhoe after holiday abroad, some indication of water spread
Legionella pneumophilia
Test for legionella pneumophilia
Urine antigen test
“Tall, thin man who indulges in marajuana” (a.k.a snoop dog)
Probably pneumothorax (marfans)
What is marfans syndrome?
Connective tissue disorder
Predisposes to pneumothorax
Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy Erythema nodosum Granulomas Fatigue Uveitis Weight loss
Sarcoidosis
Bronchiole wider than neighbouring arteriole on CT (signet ring sign)
Bronchiectasis
D sign on X-Ray
Empyema
Steeple sign on X-Ray
Latyngotracheobronchitis
Croup
Child with barking cough
Croup
Pneumonia with HIV
Pneumocystis pneumoniae
Treatment for pneumocystis pneumoniae
Cotramoxazole
Prednisolone if severe
Samters triad
Asthma
Nasal polyps
Salicylate sensitivity
Alcoholic (danger of aspiration pneumoniae)
Klebsiella
Klebsiella sputum colour
Red jelly sputum
Chlamydia psittaci
Mucoid sputum
Pneumococcal sputum colour
Mucoid sputum
Cannonball metastasis
also weight loss and hEmaturia
Primary renal cell carcinoma
Morning headache
Hypercapnia or side effects of organic nitrates
ACTH secreting lung tumour
Small cell carcinoma of the lung
PTH secreting lung tumour
Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung
Neuroendorine, highly malignant and may be associated with ectopic endocrine syndromes
Small cell carcinoma
Increased serum ACE and Ca2+
Sarcoidosis
Eggshell calcification at hilar region
Silicosis
‘Heart failure’ cells seen in alveolar spaces
Macrophages that have absorbed haemosiderjn
Chronic pulmonary oedema
LV heart failure
Also seen in long standing pulmonary hypertension
Area of infection and caseous necrosis at the periphery of the lung beneath the pleura - found in TB
Ghon focus
Coin lesion on CXR
Primary bronchial or lung carcinoma Metastatic tumour (esp. of kidney) Hamartimcarcionoid tumour Granulomatous formation Lung abscess
Pancoasts tumour causes
Horner’s syndrome
Signs for Horner’s syndrome
Ptosis Enophthalmos Meiosis Unilateral lack of sweating (Due to invasion of cervical sympathetic chain)
Stony dull to percuss
Pleural effusion
cANCA test positive
Granulomatous with polyangitis (GPA)
Holy leaf sign
Pleural plaques
Respiratory causes of clubbing
A - abscess B - bronchiectasis (including CF) C - Carcinoma of the lung D - Decreased PaO2 (hypoxia) E - Empyema F - Fibrotic lung disease
Causes of pulmonary fibrosis
B - bloody in R - radiation E - extrinsic allergic alveolitis A - ankylosing spondylitis S - sarcoidosis T - tuberculosis
C - cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis
A - asbestosis
