Buzz words: Respiratory Flashcards
SOB on exertion “Winter bronchitis” Wheeze Chronic productive cough Inv: post-bronchodilator Spirometry
COPD
Inv: post-bronchodilator Spirometry
COPD
Fever Chronic Cough Weight loss Asian Lowenstein Jensen Medium Red Ziehl-Nelson Stain “Acid fast bacilli” RIPE treatment
TB
Lowenstein Jensen Medium
TB
Red Ziehl-Nelson Stain
TB
“Acid fast bacilli”
TB
TB drug SE: orange tears
Rifampicin
TB drug SE: peripheral neuropathy
Isoniazid
Red-green colour blindness
Ethambutol
Steatorrhoea, diabetes Clubbing, Signet rings Recurrent Infections Bronchiectasis Sodium >60mmol
Cystic Fibrosis
Shipyard/power station worker
End-inspiratory crackles
Non-productive cough
Pleural effusion
Mesothelioma
Mouldy hay
Farmer’s lung (EAA)
Parakeets/Pigeons
Bird fancier’s lung (EAA)
Lung Ca:
Horner’s syndrome
Arm pain
Pancoast’s tumour
Lung Ca:
Hypercalcaemia (constipation, polyuria)
Ectopic PTHrP
Epithelial cells
Squamous cells carcinoma
Lung Ca: Neuroendocrine symptoms Paraneoplastic syndomes: ACTH: cushing’s ADH: SIADH Anti-Ca ABs: Lambert Eaton Mets early
Small cell carcinoma
Lung Ca:
Goblet cell origin
NON-smoker, woman
Adenocarcinoma
Lung Ca:
Goblet cell origin
NON-smoker, woman
Mets
Adenocarcinoma
Fever, SOB, productive cough Bronchial breath sounds Coarse creps Assess with CURB-65 CRP, urea, RR, BP, >65yo IV clarithromycin, oral amoxicillin
Pneumonia
Pneumonia:
rusty sputum, younger pt
S. pneumoniae
Pneumonia:
small segmental
infiltrates, sinusitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis
Chlamydia pneumonia
Pneumonia:
adolescents,
erythema nodosum, pericarditis,
haemolytic anaemia
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Pneumonia:
Abscesess
S. aureus
Pneumonia:
purulent dark sputum
Klebsiella
Pneumonia:
AIDS, widespread
infiltrates, low O2 sats
Pneumocytitis jiroveci
Pneumonia:
legionnaire’s, low
Na, low albumin, air conditioning
legionnaire’s, low
Na, low albumin, air conditioning
Pneumonia:
birds,
hepatosplnomegaly, conjunctivitis,
arthralgia, lower lobe consolidation
Chlamydophila psittaci
Child coughing up blood
Inhaled foreign body
Night cough Intermittent wheeze Eczema/hayfever (atopy) Stepwise Treatment Diurnal variation
Stable asthma
Nocturnal cough
Diurnal variation
Stable asthma
Nocturnal cough
Diurnal variation
Stable asthma
Silent chest, apparent improving O2,
fatigue, bradycardia
IV magnesium sulphate, intubate
Life-threatening exacerbation of asthma
60% O2 via facemask
Back-to-back nebs
Systemic steroids
severe exacerbation of asthma
60% O2 via facemask
Back-to-back nebs
Systemic steroids
severe exacerbation of asthma
