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Business Ethics (Applied ethics) Flashcards

1
Q

What is a stakeholder?

A

Someone who is impacted in any way by the business.

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2
Q

What is Hypocritical window dressing?

A

Only ethical in order to make money.

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3
Q

What is Corporate social responsibility

A

-a companies commitment to manage social environmental and economic effects.
-its self regulating and allows companies to be socially accountable

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4
Q

What are the key areas of CRS?

A

Environmental responsibility (reduce carbon more sustainability)
Ethical labor practices
Philantropy

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5
Q

What are benefits of CRS?

A

-enhanced brand reputation
-customer loyalty
-employee satisfaction
-reduce legal risks

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6
Q

Disadvantages of CSR?

A

-financial costs
-divert away from original objectives
-greenwashing
-increased accountability
-stakeholder conflict.

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7
Q

What is an example of CSR?

A

the co op- establish principles of fairness

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8
Q

What is a paradox?

A

a self contradictory statement

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9
Q

What is an example of CSR paradox?

A

Patagonia- they made a advertisement saying do not buy this jacket and the irony is that this caused them to gain massive profit

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10
Q

What is greenwashing?

A

When companies aren’t as sustainable as they say.

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11
Q

What is an example of green washing?

A

H and M

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12
Q

Explain the Ford Pinto case.

A

-made a car which was flawed
-likely to explode if it hit at 20MPH
-the had the opportunity to fix the problem before distribution but decided against it to same profit

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13
Q

What can the Ford pinto case be used to discuss with?

A

Kantian ethics ‘means to an end’

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14
Q

Who argues that businesses do not have a social responsibility?

A

Milton Friedman

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15
Q

What is the aim of a business?

A

to make profit

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16
Q

What was Milton Friedmans point?

A

His point was that if the corporate or bussiness were set free to pursuit profit the benefits would trickle down to everyone else

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17
Q

What does Milton believe happens if they do act as if they have social responsibility?

A

Robbing there stakeholders

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18
Q

What is window dressing?

A

This is something that aims to hook the customers and attract them.

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19
Q

What is hypocritical window-dressing?

A

disingenuous marketing aimed to solely increase profit

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20
Q

Who would argue that it matter morally if CSR is genuine?

A

Kantian ethics- according to Kant individuals must have a Good will in order to carry out duty morally

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21
Q

Who argues that CSR doesnt have to be genuine?

A

Utilitarian’s would argue intentions don’t matter as the pleasure outweighs the cost as there making a profit

22
Q

What does Milton Freidman beleive about the genuine debate on CSR?

A

It’ s irrelevant as no company has an obligation to do so

23
Q

Why is it difficult to know when a company is trying to appear better than they actually are?

A

-variety of motives
-more about how they behave in practice than how they ought to behave

24
Q

What is Whistle Blowing?

A

The act of exposing a wrong doing/ unethical behaviour

25
What are the two types of whistle blowing?
Private and Public
26
What is private whisblowing?
Raising concerns internally of the organization
27
What is public whistleblowing?
Raising concerns outside the organization such as the media
28
What are examples of things that cause whistleblowing?
-health and safety violation -fraud
29
Explain Edwin Snowden.
Exposed Mass surveillance of the NSA where they ruoutinely moniter ordinary civilians in the Uk and USA
30
What are 3 advantages of whistleblowing?
-legal responsibility -sign a contract where whistleblowing is allowed -It allows companies to take CSR more seriously
31
What are 3 disadvantages of whistleblowing?
-retaliation legal consequences -can be said that owe loyality to the company -prima facia duty of loyal fix the problem yourself
32
What law in England protects employees during whistleblowing?
Public interest disclosure act
33
Why did Edwin Snowden move to russia?
Because he was not protected by the public interest disclosure act avoid prosecution as there danger towards uk and USA national security
34
What is globalization?
The interconnectedness of the world industries are integrated
35
What are good things about globalisation?
-reduces poverty by working in third world countries allowing them to improve there economy -cultural understanding of one another -access new knowledge and technological advancements -encourages countries to adhere by human rights -economic opportunity
36
What are disadvantages of GLobalisation?
-cultural homogenisation -labour, violates human rights -environmental impacts
37
What is a example of the bad effects of globalisation?
Rana Plaza
38
What kind of theory is Kantian ethics?
Deontological and Absolutist
39
What are the three formulations of the categorical imperative?
-univeral law -persons as ends -Kingdom of ends
40
How does Kant show the importance of Good will?
In the shopkeeper example he shows an act that is morally praiseworthy and then a act that is not.
41
What is a case study that supports Kantian ethics view?
Sports direct
42
Who is a modern philosopher which used kantian ethics?
John Rawls who argues when we are born we have a veil of ignorance where we are unaware of our position within society but we can all agree before than everyone has rights and inequalities are arranged
43
What are Kantian ethics views on profit?
Overall having a profit isn't bad in iteself however the reason as to why Kant would be against it is because of the act itself to get profit which can be using people as a means to your end goes against duty. e.g treat workers with respect ensuring that the health and safety rules are followed
44
What is a weakness of Kants view on the aim to make profit based on there deontological and absolutist stance?
Duty based thinking applying to a competitive market is difficult
45
What is cants deontological view on CSR?
he would completely disagree with Milton Freidman arguing that there duty lies elsewhere such as duty to give a fair wage
46
What is the absolutist Kantian view of whistleblowing?
Justice absolute moral duty
47
Would the hypothetical imperative support the aim of profit?
no, it rejects the idea of acting out of self interest e.g if they want more profit then they must reduce workers pay
48
What is the hypothetical imperative view of CSR?
Only is accepted if it is out of DUTY -reduce pollution duty to protect the environment
49
What is the problem with the hypthetical imperative?
the fact that Kant is not entirely based on personal goals nor condequences
50
What is univeral laws thoughts?
-wouldn't support the aim of a profit as it would lead to exploitation to continue -CSR is seen as a moral obligation -supports whistleblowing as it allows truth and justice to be upheld -globalization the support would be dependent one what the basis of it is e.g. exploitation wont support if its for fair trade and improving one another's infrastctures
51
Explain the persons as end?
-not support idea of a profit due to human rights abuse in other countries only support if workers were paid fairly decent working conditions -would be allowed as its treating people with dignity and respect as it allows them to act ethically -the act ofnwuhstle would be a duty -wouldnt support as its increased globalisation which means more widespread exploitation
52
Kingdom of ends?
-profit making is only morally permissible of its done through the maxim -neccessary as it builds an ethnical world -whistleblowing yes promote ethical standards

Ethics (9 decks)

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