Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery Flashcards
Which protocol provides IP-based redundancy similar to VRRP and HSRP?
Common Address Redundancy Protocol (CARP)
What is the difference between fault tolerance and high avalability?
1) Fault tolerance is the redundancy of INDIVIDUAL components to prevent a loss of service. Hardware only.
2) High availability involves a whole system to work together to ensure minimal interruption (like HSRP)
Which type of UPS would you see used with a PC?
Standby USP
A line interactive UPS is commonly used in what scenario? How does it differ from a standby UPS?
For server rooms and racks of network equipment.
The main difference is the AC power goes direct through the invertor so when power fails there is no shifting from a separate AC circuit to the invertor circuit making for a smoother transition
What standard of UPS is used in datacentres? Whats the main difference with line interactive UPS?
Online UPS.
Power is always supplied through the batteries
What devices help bridge the lag and sag in electricity supply when the building circuit switches over to the power generator?
UPSs
List and describe the 3 different dual power supply methods
1) active/passive - only 1 is used until it fails
2) load-balancing - both are used at the same time
3) load-shifting - power is shifted between the two which helps ensure you don’t get any surprises like in an active/passive setup
How are redundant circuits used?
In datacentre racks to supply two separate circuits one going to a separate power supply.
What’s the name given to the schedule of long-term archiving of data?
Grandfather-Father-Son.
It rotates the daily, weekly and monthly backups
Does the archive bit matter on a full backup? Does it change after the backup?
No. It will back up everything regardless. But reset the archive bit after
If you want to restore an incremental back, you’ll need to also restore the last full back up, TRUE or FALSE?
TRUE
An incremental back up will only back files with the archive bit turned on - TRUE or FALSE? What happens to the bit after?
TRUE.
After back up the archive bit is turned off.
What’s the difference between a differential back up and an incremental backup?
Differential backs up all files, regardless of whether they’ve changed or not, since the last full backup.
Incremental backs up only files that have changes since the last full or last incremental
What kind of back up is this “Only the files that were created and modified from the last full or prior incremental are copied”
Incremental
Which backup backs up all data since the last full one? What happens to the archive bit?
Differential. It doesn’t reset the archive bit.
What metric might be included in a maintenance contract
MTTR (Mean Time To Repair)
What is a redundancy technique for NIC cards. How does one card know the other has failed?
NIC Teaming.
NIC status is monitored using heartbeats
Which protocol (and IEEE number) is used for port aggregation?
802.3ad Link Aggregation Control Protocol
What is NLB Clustering?
Is a type of load-balancing. Network Load Balancing Clustering. LB works by balancing traffic between the nodes in a Web farm or cluster
Why does RAID-5 need at least 3 discs?
A drive is needed for parity information.
Which is the minimum RAID level suited to provide fault tolerance for the operating system?
RAID1
What is RTO and RPO?
RTO - Recovery Time Objective - defines how fast you can restore the data
RPO - Recovery Point Objective - defines the point in time that you can restore to in the event of a failure
What are the two goals of the Disaster Recovery Plan?
Preventing property damage and loss of life.
What document drives the prioritization process for the Business Continuity Plan?
Business Impact Analysis document
What kind of recovery site is the slowest to recover and most difficult to test?
Cold site
What type of recovery site contains communications wiring, full utilities and networking equipment and only requires software and data to restore service?
Warm site
What can help to speed up the data-recovery process when having to use a recovery site? List the two types
Performing snapshot backups
1) copy-on-write
2) split mirror
What’s the key difference between copy-on-write and split mirror backups
Copy-on-write backs up just the information that’s changed; Split Mirror backs up everything
Meant Time To Repair and Mean Time Between Failures are covered in what business document?
SLA
The BCP should identify single points of failure. true or false?
True
when identifying single points of failure, you begin by identiying what two things?
Critical Nodes and Critical Assets
List the 3 categories of ‘disasters’.
1) Technological disasters
2) Manmade disasters
3) Natural disasters
2N redundancy means what?
the data-centre provides double the power required by the datacentre.
N+1 describes an architecture where this is what?
always a single extra UPS available
What forms of RAID writes both data and parity information across multiple drives (min 3)
RAID-5, RAID-6
What form of RAID involves disk striping and doesn’t provide fault-tolerance?
RAID-0
Which RAID types out of the below use both disk striping and parity information?
RAID-0
RAID-5
RAID-6
RAID10
RAID-5
RAID-6
Which RAID can recover from a double disk failure?
RAID-6
Which 2 types of RAID use disk mirroring and striping but
no parity information?
RAID-1 and RAID-10
