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Business Chinese Essentials 101 Flashcards

1
Q

供应

供應

A

gōng yìng

(verb)
to supply
to offer
to provide

提供所需货物

> 大量～ (supply in large quantity)
> 计划～ (planned supply)
> 市场～ (market supply)

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2
Q

现金

現金

A

xiàn jīn

(noun)
ready money, cash

可以当是拿出来的钱。
银行库存备用的货币。

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3
Q

贬值

貶值

A

biǎn zhí

(verb)
to devaluate
to become devaluated
to depreciate

指货币购买力下降。
泛指某一事物的价值降低。
降低本国单位货币的法定含金量或降低本国货币对外货币的比价。

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4
Q

通货膨胀

通貨膨脹

A

tōng huò péng zhàng

(noun)
inflation

指国家发行的纸币量超过流通中所需要的货币量，引起纸币贬值，物价上涨。

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5
Q

上涨

上漲

A

shàng zhǎng

(verb)
to rise
to go up (money, water, level of something)

指价格，水位等升高

> 物价在～了。

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6
Q

升值

昇值

A

shēng zhí

(verb)
to rise in value
to appreciate

本国单位货币的含金量增加或本国货币对外国货币的比价提高。
泛指价值提高。

> 今年以来，人民币～了百分之十。
> 如今人才和知识都～了。

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7
Q

价值

價值

A

jià zhí

(noun) 个
value
worth
fig. value (ethical, cultural, etc)

事物的用途或积极作用。
凝结在服务/商品中的社会必要劳动。服务/商品价值的大小决定与生产该服务/商品所需的社会必要劳动时间。它通过服务/商品的交换价值表现出来。

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8
Q

指数

指數

A

zhǐ shù

(noun)
index number
index (numerical, statistical)

统计学上指某一时期某一经济现象的数值跟作为比较标准的另一时期的数值的比率，多用百分比表示，如物价～。

> 生活费～。

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9
Q

百分比

A

bǎi fēn bǐ

(noun)
percentage

百分率
> 失业～
(unemployement percentage)
> 按～计算
(in terms of percentage)
> 失业～在不断的上升
(the unemployement percentage keeps rising)
> 这一班男生占的～较高
(There is a higher percentage of boys in this class)

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10
Q

预测

預測

A

yù cè

(verb)
to forecast
to predict

预先推测或测定

> 市场～
(market forecasting)
> 价格～
(price projection)

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11
Q

估计

估計

A

gū jì

(verb)
to estimate
to reckon

对人或事物进行大致的推断

> ～错误
(miscalculate)
> 过低～
(underestimate)
> 这种可能性我门必须～到
(we must take this possibility into account)

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12
Q

债务

債務

A

zhài wù

(noun)
debt
amount due

欠债人所承担的还债义务。
指所欠债的债款。

> 偿还～
(repay debts)
> 还清～
(pay off debts)

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13
Q

融资

融資

A

róng zī

(verb)
to finance
to capitalize

货币资金的融通。有知己融资和间接融资两种。前者主要的～方式有发行股票和债券，后者主要的～方式有银行的存款和贷款。

> 为项目～
(raise money for a project)
> ～项目
(financing project)
> ～渠道 [qú dào]
(financing channels)

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14
Q

收益

收益

A

shōu yì

(noun)
income, profit
earnings, gain

取得的好处或利益
> 经营有方，～日常
> 坚持学习，必有～
> ～率 (lǜ) earnings rate

>> 注意：～是名字，受益是动词

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15
Q

措施

A

cuò shī

(noun) 个
measure, step

为解决某一问题而采取的办法（多用与较大的事情）
> ～得力
(effective measures)
> 强制性～
(compulsory measures)
> 采取重大～
(adopt an important measure)

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16
Q

损害

損害

A

sǔn hài

(verb)
to harm, to damage, to impair
(noun)
harm, injury, damage

伤害，使蒙受损失
> ～保险
insurance of damage
> ～第三者的利益
jeopardize the interest of the third party, do sth at the expense of a third party
> 造成严重～
do great harm to, inflict serious damage on

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17
Q

贷款

貸款

A

dài kuǎn

(noun) loan
(verb) to provide a loan (e.g. bank)

名 > 借贷的款项
动 > 指金童机构放款或银行等金融机构借款

> 未尝～
outstanding loan
> 无息～
interest-free loan
> 向银行～
apply for a bank loan

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18
Q

赔偿

賠償

A

péi cháng

(noun) compensation, reparation
(verb) to compensate, to indemnify

因某人行为不当使人受到损失而给予补偿。

> 经济～
financial compensation

> ～损失
to compensate for a loss

> 照价～
compensate according to the cost

> ～责任
liability (for damage)

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19
Q

业务

業務

A

yè wù

(noun) 项

business, professional work, service

专业～

> ～过失
professional negligence
> ～模式 (móshì)
business model
> 恢复正常～ (huīfù zhèngcháng)
resume normal business

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20
Q

预付

預付

A

yù fù

(verb)
to pay in advance
to prepay

预先交纳
> ～半年房租

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21
Q

账户

帳戶

A

zhàng hù

(noun)
account, bank account

账簿中对一斤来源，资金运用，经营过程及成果等所作的分类。
会计在摸一科目内为有账务往来的单位或个人里的户头。

> 开立～
open a bank account

> 透支的～
overdrawn account

22
Q

受益

A

shòu yì

(verb)
to benefit from
to profit

得到利益或好处

> ～人
(beneficiary)
> 这本书使我～不浅

23
Q

缴纳

繳納

A

jiǎo nà

(verb)
to pay (taxes)
to hand over

照章交纳
> ～税款

24
Q

采取

採取

A

cǎiqǔ

(verb)
to adopt or carry out (measures, policies, course of action)
to take

选择实施(方针，政策，方法，行动等)
获取

> ～紧急措施
take emergency measures
> ～主动
take the initiative

25
**撤销** **撤銷**
chèxiāo (verb) to repeal to revoke to undo (computing) 取消 \> ～一项决议 to annul a decision \> ～职务 to dismiss sb from his post \> ～银行账户 to close a bank account
26
**营业额** **營業額**
yíngyè'é (noun) sum or volume of business turnover 营业所得的钱数 \>淡月的～少的可怜 \>～增幅较大
27
**增幅** **增幅**
zēngfú (verb) growth rate amplification 增长的幅度 \> 产量～ production rate \> ～高于去年同期
28
**交纳** **交納**
jiāonà ``` (verb) to pay (dues or taxes) ``` 向有关单位等交付规定数量的钱物 \> 照章～税款 pay customs duty according to the regulations \> ～养路费 \> ～地税 \> ～公粮 \> ～水电费
29
**过剩** **過剩**
guòshèng ``` (verb + adj) surplus, excess ``` 数量大大超过需要的限度。 供给超过市场需要或购买能力。 \> 劳动力～ \> 商品～ \> 资本～
30
**供给** **供給**
gōngjǐ (verb) to furnish to provide, to suppy (as in supply and demand) 项需要的人提供生产，生活必须的物资，钱财等 \> 增加生产，保障～ \> 发展生产，保障～ \> 原料由国家～
31
**照章**
zhàozhāng (adverb) according to the rules in accordance to the regulations 按照规章 \> ～办事 \> ～索赔 \> ～交纳税款
32
**索赔 索賠**
suǒpéi (verb) to ask for compensation to clame damages, indemnitiy 索取赔偿。 \> 保留～的权利 \> ～要求
33
**保障**
bǎozhàng (verb) to ensure, to guarantee, to safeguard (noun) assurance, guarantee (动) 保护使不受侵犯。确保，是充分实现。 (名) 起～作用的事物。 \> ～人民言论自由 \> 宪法对人身自由的～
34
**订金** **訂金**
dìngjīn (noun) initial payment deposit (put down for future purchase) 预付的部分货款，有某种承诺的意思，但在法律上不具有担保合同履行的作用。 **注意：跟 “定金” 不同**
35
**押金**
yājīn (noun) cash pledge (as collateral) guarantee deposit loan on security 作为抵押的钱。预付款。
36
**收据** **收據**
shōujù (noun) 张 receipt 收到钱物后写给对方的凭证。 \> 开～
37
**信用**
xìnyòng (noun) trustworthiness, credit (worthiness). 因信守承诺而取得的信任。 按时偿还，不需要提供物资保证的。 \> 他～好，完全可以信任。 (verb) to trust ～重用
38
**承诺** **承諾**
chéngnuò (verb) to promise, to undertake something, to commit. 答应照办某事。 \> 双方～不使用武力 (noun) promise, commitment 对办某事作出的应允。 \> 履行～ \> 我无法作出肯定的～
39
**偿还** **償還**
chánghuán (verb) to repay, to reimburse, to pay back 归还（债务等） \> ～债务 \> 分期～ \> 如数～
40
**担保** **擔保**
dānbǎo (verb) to guarantee to vouch for 表示完全负责任，保证做到或不发生问题。 法律保证的通称，指以财务，信誉做保证，按照一定惩处保证债务人清偿债务或保证刑事被告人不逃避侦查，审判并按规定出庭。
41
**成本**
chéngběn (noun) manufacturing cost production cost 生产产品的费用。包括生产过程中所消耗的生产资料费用和付给劳动者的报酬等。 \> 固定～ \> 可变～ \> 降低生产～
42
**利润** **利潤**
lìrùn (noun) profit 工商企业销售收入扣除成本和税金后的余额。
43
**竞争** **競爭**
jìngzhēng (verb) to compete competition 双方或多方之间，为了各目的利益，通过自身力量的相互较量来争夺胜利。 \> ～力 \> ～性 \> ～者 \> 竞争价格
44
**违约** **違約**
wéiyuē (verb) to break a promise to violate an agreement to default (on a loan or a contract) 违背或不履行共同的约定 \> ～金 penalty (fee) for breaking a contract \> ～责任 liability for breach of contract
45
**折旧** **折舊**
zhéjiù ``` (verb) to depreciate (in value of property) ``` 补偿固定固定资产在使用过程中所损耗的价值。通常根据原价值和预计使用年限平均计算。
46
**折扣** **折扣**
zhékòu (noun) discount 买卖中安原价减去的成数。 \> ～扣
47
**履行** **履行**
lǚxíng ``` (verb) to fulfill (one's obligation), to carry out (a task), to implement (an agreement), to perform ``` 按约定或职责去做。指实践所承诺的义务，对象多为带约束性的条约，合同，诺言等。 \> ～诺言 (nuòyán) keep one's word, fulfill one's promise \> ～契约 (qìyuē) meet one's obligation \> ～职责 (zhízhé) do one's duty
48
**补偿** **補償**
bǔcháng (verb) to compensate, to make up 不足缺欠。 抵偿损失。
49
**资产** **資產**
zīchǎn (noun) property, assets, capital fund, capital 财产，产业。 企业拥有或控制的能以货币计量的经济资源。 会计核算中指资金的运用。 \> ～冻结 (dòngjié)
50
**报酬** **報酬**
bàochóu (noun) reward, remuneration 作为使用别人的劳动或物品的代价而付给别人的钱或事物。 \> 工作很累，～不多 \> 寻找～好一点的工作
51
**增值税** **增加稅**
zēng zhí shuì (noun) Value-Added Tax VAT ～是以商品（含应税劳务）在流转过程中产生的增值额作为计税依据而征收的一种流转税。从计税原理上说，增值税是对商品生产、流通、劳务服务中多个环节的新增价值或商品的附加值征收的一种流转税。实行价外税，也就是由消费者负担，有增值才征税没增值不征税。

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