Burns - size + systemic considerations

Question 1

The ? and ? chart allows accurate estimation of burn surface area.
This is particularly useful in ? as the surface area values for burns on the ?/? are adjusted according to ?.

Answer 1

lund
browder
children
head
legs
age

Question 2

In adults the ‘rule of ?’s’ is often used to estimate body surface area involved;
9%: ? and ?, each ?.
18%: each ?, front of the ?, back of the ?.
1%: the ?.

A useful alternative is to use the patient’s ? and ? to represent 1% of the
body area. This is useful for estimating the surface area of ? burns.

Answer 2

9s
head
neck
arm
leg
trunk
trunk
perineum

palm
fingers
small

Question 3

Airway;

? inhalation or direct thermal injury can rapidly result in laryngeal/pharyngeal ? and airway ?.
Securing the airway should always be a priority if this is suspected, with ? ? review required.

Answer 3

smoke
oedema
obstruction
senior anaesthetic

Question 4

Airway

Features that would suggest airway risks are history of ? in an enclosed space, signs of ?, ? or ?, singed ? hair, ? burns, a harsh ? or ? sputum.

Answer 4

fire
stridor
tachy or dyspnoea
nasal
facial
cough
carbonaceous

Question 5

Hypovolaemic shock;

Loss of the epidermis plus intense ? exudation through damaged capillaries leads to severe loss of ?, particularly in the first ? hours.

This amount of loss is proportional to the ? of the burn rather than its
?, and leads to ? depletion and shock.

Answer 5

plasma
plasma
24
area
depth
intravascular

Question 6

Anaemia;
Occurs due to ? of ? cells in involved capillaries.

Pain;
More severe in ? burns, and indeed ? burns may be relatively painless due to extensive destruction of ? ?.

Answer 6

destruction 
red
superficial
deep
nerve endings