Burns

Question 1

Superficial thickness

Answer 1

damage to epidermis, pink/red w/o blisters, heals in 3-6 days

Question 2

Superficial partial-thickness

Answer 2

damage into dermis, pink/red w/ blisters + edema, heals in 10-21 days

Question 3

Deep partial-thickness

Answer 3

damage deeper into dermis, red skin w/ white areas, w/o blisters b/c dead tissue, heals in 3-6 weeks

Question 4

Full thickness

Answer 4

destruction of epidermis + dermis, waxy white, deep red, brown or black dry + hard skin, healing takes weeks-months + involves skin grafting

Question 5

Deep full-thickness

Answer 5

injury extends to muscle/bone/tendons, skin is black and hard, healing takes months + involves skin grafting

Question 6

7 priorities

Answer 6

1) airway patency (suction, ET tube, mechanical ventilation)
2) O2
3) VS
4) IV fluid replacement to prevent shick
5) keep pt warm
6) NPO
7) assess for s/s infx - fever, high WBC, purulent drainage, redness

Question 7

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

Answer 7

1-10%: normal level
11-20%: headache, flushing, decreased vision, decreased cerebral function, slight breathlessness
21-40%: headache, n/v, drowsy, vertigo, confusion, pale skin, hypotension, tachycardia
41-60% coma, seizures
61-80%: death

Question 8

Rule of nines

Answer 8

Head: 9%
Arms: 18% (9% each)
Back: 18%
Chest: 18%
Legs: 36% (18% each)
Genitalia: 1%

Question 9

Parkland Formula

Answer 9

fluid resuscitation needed in 24 hrs after burn = 4mL x BSA burned x kg
1/2 in first 8hrs
1/2 in remaining 16hrs