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NPTE > Burn Management, PT Treatment > Flashcards

Burn Management, PT Treatment Flashcards

1
Q

What is typical emergent care for burns?

A
  • Immersion of part in cold water

- Cover burns with sterile bandages or clean cloth

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2
Q

What should not be applied to an acute burn?

A
  • Ointments

- Creams

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3
Q

What is the 4 step process to achieve asepsis and wound care of burns?

A

1) Removal of charred clothing
2) Wound cleansing
3) Topical Medications
4) Dressings

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4
Q

What are 3 ointments used as anti-bacterial agents for burns?

A
  • Bacitracin
  • Polymyxin B
  • Neomycin
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5
Q

What topical agent should be avoided at term pregnancy and infants less than 2 months?

A

Silver sufadiazine

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6
Q

What topical agent for burns penetrates eschar?

A

Sulfamylon

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7
Q

What is the purpose of a dressing over a wound?

A
  • Prevent bacterial contamination
  • Prevent fluid loss
  • Protect wound
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8
Q

What do dressings hinder?

A

ROM

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9
Q

What do dressings hinder?

A

ROM

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10
Q

What types of dressings are used for burns?

A
  • Silver-impregnated
  • Hydrogels
  • Petroleum-impregnated
  • Guaze
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11
Q

What should be monitored acutely following a burn?

A
  • Arterial blood gases
  • Serum electrolyte levels
  • Urinary Output
  • Vital signs
  • GI function
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12
Q

What should be provided if there is GI dysfunction?

A

Nutritional support

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13
Q

What type of pain relief is provided following a burn?

A
  • Morpine sulfate
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14
Q

How can infection be controlled following burns?

A
  • Prophylaxis for tetanus
  • Antibiotics
  • Following standard precautions
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15
Q

What is the purpose of fluid replacement therapy?

A

Prevent and control shock.

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16
Q

What does fluid replacement therapy consist of?

A
  • Fluid and blood replacement
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17
Q

What type of surgery can be performed to prevent tourniquet effects?

A
  • Escharotomies

- Fasciotomies

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18
Q

When can surgical removal of eschar begin?

A

When Pt is stabilized

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19
Q

What is a graft?

A

Closure of a wound

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20
Q

What are 7 types of grafts performed post burns?

A
  • Allograft
  • Xenograft
  • Biosynthetic graft
  • Cultured skin
  • Autograft
  • Split-thickness graft
  • Full- thickness graft
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21
Q

Which type of graft consists of collagen and synthetics?

A

Biosynthetic graft

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22
Q

Which type of graft consists of other human skin (cadaver, donor)?

A

Allograft

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23
Q

Which type of graft consists of upper layers of dermis and epidermis from donor site?

A

Split-thickness graft

24
Q

Which type of graft consists of Pt’s own skin?

A

Autograft

25
Q

Which type of graft consists of skin from other species?

A

Xenograft

26
Q

Which type of graft consists of epidermis and dermis from donor site?

A

Full-thickness graft

27
Q

What is the procedure termed that is used to resect a scar contracture?

A

Z-plasty (surgical incision in form of Z to lengthen burn scar

28
Q

What are 2 types of Physical Therapy Interventions for Pt’s with burns?

A
  • Wound care

- Rehabilitation

29
Q

What are 3 wound care PT interventions?

A
  • Hydrotherapy/ whirlpool
  • Sharp debridement
  • Autolytic dressings and enzymes
30
Q

What is the purpose of a whirlpool treatment?

A
  • Excise loose, charred, dead skin
  • Remove dressings
  • ROM exercises
  • Anti-infection agents added to assist in infection control
31
Q

What does sharp debridement consist of?

A
  • Excision of eschar
32
Q

What is the purpose of autolytic dressings?

A
  • Selective removal of eschar
33
Q

What are some cardiopulmonary directed PT goals following burns?

A
  • Promote deep breathing and chest expansion

- Ambulation to prevent pneumonia

34
Q

What are some cardiopulmonary directed PT goals following burns?

A
  • Promote deep breathing and chest expansion

- Ambulation to prevent pneumonia

35
Q

What is the common deformity of the neck following burns?

A
  • Flexion of anterior neck
36
Q

What interventions should be provided to prevent neck deformity?

A
  • Stress hyperextension

- Position with firm plastic cervical orthosis

37
Q

What is the common deformity of the shoulder following burns?

A
  • Adduction, IR
38
Q

What interventions should be provided to prevent shoulder deformity?

A
  • Stress abduction, flexion, and ER

- Position with axillary/ airplane splint

39
Q

What is the common deformity of the elbow following burns?

A
  • Flexion with pronation
40
Q

What interventions should be provided to prevent elbow deformity?

A
  • Stress extension and supination

- Use posterior arm splint to position in extension

41
Q

What is the common deformity of the hand following burns?

A
  • Claw hand (intrinsic minus position)
42
Q

What interventions should be provided to prevent hand deformity?

A
  • Stress wrist extension (15 degrees), MP flexion (70 degrees), PIP and DIP extension, thumb abduction (instrinsic position).
  • Position in instrinsic plus position with resting hand splint
43
Q

What is the common deformity of the hip?

A
  • Flexion with adduction
44
Q

What interventions should be provided to prevent hip deformity?

A
  • Stress hip extension and abduction

- Position in extension, abduction, neutral rotation

45
Q

What is the common deformity of the knee following burns?

A

Flexion

46
Q

What interventions should be provided to prevent knee deformity?

A
  • Position in extension with posterior knee splint
47
Q

What is the common deformity of the ankle following burns?

A

Plantar flexion

48
Q

What interventions should be provided to prevent ankle deformity?

A
  • Position with foot/ ankle in neutral with splint or plastic AFO
49
Q

How can edema be controlled following burns with PT intervention?

A
  • Elevation of extremities
  • Active ROM
  • Elastic supports
50
Q

What should be performed to preserve ROM?

A

Active and passive ROM

51
Q

What should ROM exercises be combined with?

A
  • Dressing changes
  • Hydrotherapy
  • Medication doses
52
Q

What exercise precautions should be taken following a graft?

A
  • Discontinue exercise for 3 - 5 days to allow healing
53
Q

What manual therapy can be performed to reduce scar formation?

A

Deep friction massage.

54
Q

What can be applied to prevent hypertrophic scarring or keloid formation?

A
  • Pressure garments
55
Q

What roles can exercise play in rehab?

A
  • Increase strength and ROM
  • Increase acitivty tolerance and endurance
  • Promote independence in ADLs
  • Improve functional mobility
  • Manage chronic pain
56
Q

What roles can exercise play in rehab?

A
  • Increase strength and ROM
  • Increase acitivty tolerance and endurance
  • Promote independence in ADLs
  • Improve functional mobility
  • Manage chronic pain
57
Q

What psychosocial role does a PT play following burns?

A

Providing emotional support

NPTE (7 decks)

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