Burkholderia mallei

Question 1

Structure ?

Answer 1

Gram-, non-motile, encapsulated, non-sporulated bacillus shaped. cannot survive in the environment

Question 2

What do you call Burkholderia mallei in organs ?

Answer 2

glanders (fever)

Question 3

What do you call Burkholderia mallei in the skin ?

Answer 3

Farcy

Question 4

Who are the susceptible hosts ?

Answer 4

equids, with donkeys showing acute diseases and horses showing chronic

Question 5

Pathogenesis ?

Answer 5

ingestion/inhalation/wound infection –> phagocytosed by macrophages –> escapes into cytoplasm and proliferates –> develops actin comet tails (forces cells to touch for cell-to-cell transmission)

Question 6

Clinical Signs of nasal form ?

Answer 6

unilateral mucopurulent nasal discharge and ulcerative rhinitis

Question 7

Clinical signs of pulmonary form ?

Answer 7

pyogranulomatous pneumonia

Question 8

Clinical signs of cutaneous form ?

Answer 8

head and trunk affected
pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis and ulcerative dermatitis

Question 9

Histologically ?

Answer 9

perivascular cuffing of mucosa, ulcers caused by caseous necrosis, occasional thrombi.

Question 10

Diagnosis ?

Answer 10

complement fixation
PCR
bacteriology
mallein test

Question 11

What is the other form of Burkholderia spp., what animals does it affect and give CS

Answer 11

Burkholderia pseudomallei
environmentally resistant
susceptible hosts are sheep, goats, pigs and mice
causes pyogranulomas in the lungs and URT. sepsis so can see lesions in almost all organs. areas of necrosis surrounded by neutrophils and macrophages