Burger (2009)

Question 1

what was the aim of the contemporary study of social psych: Burger (2009)?

Answer 1

to investigate in Milgram’s findings were era-bound

Question 2

what else was Burger testing for in his study?

Answer 2

to see whether obedience is affected by personality traits: empathic concern and locus of control

Question 3

how many participants were in the sample of Burgers study?

Answer 3

70

Question 4

how many men and women were there in Burger’s sample?

Answer 4

29 men
41 women

Question 5

what percentage of Burger’s sample was white caucasian?

Answer 5

55%

Question 6

what percentage of Burger’s sample was black african-american?

Answer 6

4%

Question 7

what percentage of Burger’s sample had university degrees?

Answer 7

60%

Question 8

what was the age range of Burger’s sample?

Answer 8

20-81

Question 9

who was excluded from participating in Burger’s study?

Answer 9

people who knew about Milgram’s study, studied psychology 2+ years and anyone who had anxiety issues or drug issues

Question 10

where was Burgers study held?

Answer 10

Santa Clara University in California

Question 11

what did Burger’s participants go through before the study and why?

Answer 11

A 2-step screening process to exclude pp’s with prior knowledge or may have a negative reaction to the experience

Question 12

What type of experiment was it?

Answer 12

Laboratory experiment

Question 13

How were the roles assigned?

Answer 13

It was fixed, confederate was always a student

Question 14

What shock voltage was the participants given at the start

Answer 14

15V

Question 15

Why did the clinical psychologist supervise all trials?

Answer 15

To end the trial if anyone appeared distressed

Question 16

Which of Milgram’s variations did Burger replicate?

Answer 16

the Empathy variation- the participant mentioned he had chest/heart pains at the beginning

Question 17

What did the learner do at 75V?

Answer 17

The learner expressed discomfort

Question 18

What did the learner do at 150V?

Answer 18

Exclaimed they wanted to stop given their heart condition

Question 19

Which voltage did the participants go up to

Answer 19

150V

Question 20

Why did Burger decrease the voltage maximum?

Answer 20

he argued 75% of participant’s in Milgram’s study who gave the 150V shock went to 450V so he could predict who would go to 450V and there was no need for the distress

Question 21

At what points did the experimenter end the test?

Answer 21

if participants refused to continue
was ready to reliver the next shock after 150

Question 22

what percentage went to 150V?

Answer 22

70%

Question 23

what percentage of men were obedient?

Answer 23

67%

Question 24

what percentage of women were obedient?

Answer 24

72%

Question 25

What were the results in the defiant empathic concerns?

Answer 25

19.25

Question 26

What were the results in the obedient empathic concerns?

Answer 26

19.20

Question 27

What were the defiant pp's desire for personal control scores?

Answer 27

106.92

Question 28

What was the main conclusion?

Answer 28

Milgram's findings were bit era-bound even with modern ethical safeguards

Question 29

What was the conclusion about empathy?

Answer 29

Lack of empathy was not a valid explanation

Question 30

What was the conclusion about desire for personal control?

Answer 30

Seems to determine likelihood of defiance

Question 31

What is a weakness in generalisability? (G.r.a.v.e)

Answer 31

Sample was self-selected volunteer may be more motivated (demand characteristics)

Question 32

What is a strength in the generalisability? (G.r.a.v.e)

Answer 32

Sample was bigger by 30 and was more diverse

Question 33

What is a weakness of the pre-screening? (G.r.a.v.e)

Answer 33

38% excluded after the pre-screening remaining pp's may be more robust than the general public

Question 34

How was there strong internal reliability? (g.R.a.v.e)

Answer 34

there was a controlled environment with standardised procedures- everyone completed the same questionnaire to determine empathic control and locus of control

Question 35

How was there strong external control? (g.R.a.v.e)

Answer 35

Beauvois et al replicated without screening and found 80% full obedience to 450V confirming what Burger found

Question 36

How does Burgers study lack application according to Elms (2009)? (g.r.A.v.e)

Answer 36

Claims Burger's research lacks application as they were stopped before any tension so the situation loses its' potency

Question 37

How can Burgers results be applied to past events? (g.r.A.v.e)

Answer 37

To understand atrocities such as the Holocaust & WW2

Question 37

How does Burger's study have low ecological validity? (g.r.a.V.e)

Answer 37

Artificial task and lab setting

Question 38

How did Burger's study have high internal validity? (g.r.a.V.e)

Answer 38

No one knew about Milgram's baseline study- demand characteristics were reduced

Question 39

How was there high ethical control? (g.r.a.v.E)

Answer 39

Protection from harm: 2 step screening process, presence of clinical psychologist, debriefing at the end

Question 40

What compromised the ethics? (g.r.a.v.E)

Answer 40

Participants were still deceived